In this work we substantiate the applying of the Helmholtz vector decomposition theorem (H-theorem) to vector fields in classical electrodynamics. Using the H-theorem, within the framework of the two-parameter Lorentz-like gauge (so called v-gauge), we show that two kinds of magnetic vector potentials exist: one of them (solenoidal) can act exclusively with the velocity of light c and the other...

The dynamics of a point charged particle that moves in a medium of elastic scatterers and is driven by a uniform external electric field is investigated. Using rudimentary approaches, we reproduce, in one dimension, the known results that the typical speed grows with time as t and that the leading behavior of the velocity distribution is e2uvu 3/t. In spatial dimension d.1, we develop an effect...

Here μ(E)E = v(E) is the (steady state) drift velocity for the case of homogeneous field E. The field is also space and time dependent, i.e. E = E(x, t). Mobility and diffusion coefficients are steady state quantities, but the carrier velocity may differ considerably from the steady state value v(E), due to abrupt space or time changes of the electric field. v(E) can be considered accurate only...

In this work, a strategy for the generation of the angle reference for a Velocity Field Controller is presented. For an arbitrary trajectory given in its parametric form, it is possible to create a desired velocity field, that could be modified if obstacles were detected by an artificial vision system. Velocity fields are composed by vectors that can be expressed in polar form, i.e. Vx = |−→V |...

A method has been developed to monitor the surface velocity field by combining repeated acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations and satellite altimetry data. The geostrophic velocity anomaly is calculated from the sea surface height anomaly field estimated from the altimetry data by an optimal interpolation. It has been confirmed that this accurately observes the smoothed velocity...

Presented are preliminary measurements of near-cathode ion velocity distributions using time-resolved laser induced fluorescence. Two experiments were performed. First, time-averaged velocity distributions were measured in a LaB6 hollow cathode plume under the influence of a Hall thruster magnetic field provided by the 6-kW H6 thruster. The discharge was sustained without a downstream anode but...

With the rapid development of x-ray source and detector technologies, multi-source scanners become a hot topic in the CT field, which can acquire several projections simultaneously. Aided with the ECG-gating technique, the multi-source scanner can collect sufficient projections to reconstruct one or more specific phases of a beating heart. Hence, we are motivated to develop velocity tomography ...