نتایج جستجو برای: vascular tone

تعداد نتایج: 244160  

Journal: :The American journal of physiology 1999
Karen A Fagan Robert C Tyler Koichi Sato Brian W Fouty Kenneth G Morris Paul L Huang Ivan F McMurtry David M Rodman

Nitric oxide plays an important role in modulating pulmonary vascular tone. All three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), neuronal (nNOS, NOS I), inducible (iNOS, NOS II), and endothelial (eNOS, NOS III), are expressed in the lung. Recent reports have suggested an important role for eNOS in the modulation of pulmonary vascular tone chronically; however, the relative contribution of the thr...

2012
Mita Das Joshua Fessel Haiyang Tang James West

Genetically modified mouse models have unparalleled power to determine the mechanisms behind different processes involved in the molecular and physiologic etiology of various classes of human pulmonary hypertension (PH). Processes known to be involved in PH for which there are extensive mouse models available include the following: (1) Regulation of vascular tone through secreted vasoactive fac...

Journal: :American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2007
Matthew J Maneen Marilyn J Cipolla

This study investigated the effect of peroxynitrite (OONO(-))-induced nitrosylation of filamentous (F)-actin on myogenic tone in isolated and pressurized posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs). Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine 3-nitrotyrosine (NT) and F-actin content in vascular smooth muscle after exposure to 10(-7) M or 10(-4) M OONO(-) for 5 or 60 min in isolated third-order PC...

2013
Andreas Eisenreich

Posttranscriptional control of gene expression is crucial for regulating plurality of proteins and functional plasticity of the proteome under (patho)physiologic conditions. Alternative splicing as well as micro (mi)RNA-mediated mechanisms play an important role for the regulation of protein expression on posttranscriptional level. Both alternative splicing and miRNAs were shown to influence ca...

Journal: :Hypertension 1989
W Lockette R McCurdy H Aronow B Butler

Endothelium-dependent vasodilators, nitrates, and atrial natriuretic factor relax blood vessels by increasing vascular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The mechanisms by which cGMP relaxes vascular smooth muscle (VSM) are not known. Since contraction of VSM is associated with increased intracellular calcium and pH, we hypothesized that cGMP may decrease vascular tone by lowering ionized, ...

2017
Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja Menaka C. Thounaojam Sandeep Khurana

In cirrhosis, changes in pressure-mediated vascular tone, a key determinant of systemic vascular resistance (SVR), are unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we assessed ex vivo dynamics of pressurized mesenteric resistance arteries (diameter ~ 260 μm) from bile duct-ligated (BDL) and sham-operated (SHAM) rats and determined the underlying mechanisms. At isobaric intraluminal pressure (70 m...

2013
Rodrigo O. Marañón Claudio Joo Turoni Maria Sofia Karbiner Nicolas Salas Maria Peral de Bruno

Nonischemic 5/6 nephrectomized rat (NefR) is a model of chronic kidney disease. However, little is known about vascular dysfunction and its relation with hypertension in NefR. Aims. To evaluate possible alterations of endothelial function, NO-bioavailability, and basal tone in aorta from NefR and the role of oxidative stress. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham rats (SR), NefR, and NefR ...

2007
K. G. Jackson C. K. Armah A. M. Minihane Hugh Sinclair

With increasing recognition of the pivotal role of vascular dysfunction in the progression of atherosclerosis, the vasculature has emerged as an important target for dietary therapies. Recent studies have indicated that chronic fatty acid manipulation alters vascular reactivity, when measured after an overnight fast. However, individuals spend a large proportion of the day in the postprandial (...

2010
Dragomir N. Serban Bernd Nilius Paul M. Vanhoutte

Endothelium-dependent changes in vasomotor 10 tone, whether evoked by vasoactive agents or physical 11 forces, are recognized as essential for the local hemody-12 namic control in various normal and pathological circum-13 stances. They are based on a complex signaling network 14 within the vascular wall. In recent years, substantial efforts 15 have been made to analyze how such signals are gene...

Journal: :Advances in physiology education 2000
R J Gonzales R W Carter N L Kanagy

This laboratory exercise uses a simple preparation and a straightforward protocol to illustrate many of the basic principles of vascular biology covered in an introductory physiology course. The design of this laboratory allows students to actively participate in an exercise demonstrating the regulation of arterial tone by endothelial and extrinsic factors. In addition, this hands-on laboratory...

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