abstract research and development (r&d;) spending plays a major role in innovation, raising productivity and increasing economic growth. the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of r&d; spending on growth and total factor productivity (tfp) in iran's agricultural sector. we estimate growth and productivity models using auto-regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach and data over ...

INTRODUCTION Many patients in Community Mental Health Teams have a diagnosis of depression F32, recurrent depression F33, and depression and anxiety F41.2, and such patients are often considered by team managers as being suitable for discharge to primary care. It is necessary to describe factors that influence outcomes, specifically discharge, in order to identify suitable patients who might co...

This paper considers the nature and the distribution of trade and FDI effects of a potential enlargement of the European Monetary Union (EMU) to the ten countries that obtained EU membership in 2004. Intuitively, the implementation of a single currency for these countries means replacing several fluctuating currencies by a common currency. This gives rise to both “level” and “risk” effects of r...

This paper examines the pros and cons of the recent proposal that Argentina should adopt the US dollar as its official currency, rather than have a currency board system in which the units of domestic currency issued are backed “one-to-one” by dollar reserves. The motivation for adopting the dollar seems to be that it could guarantee credibility in monetary policy and eliminate the risk premium...

The present paper integrates neoclassical offer curves and production theory, introducing utility maximization and trade levels into the comparative static factor proportions model. The paper analyzes production conditions that determine the Metzler paradox that a tariff could lower the tariff inclusive import price. The model provides a more complete link between neoclassical and factor propor...

The ‘noise trader’ model of De Long et al. provides a plausible account of the determination of the equity premium. Extension of the model to allow for privatization of publicly-owned assets yields insights into the positive political economy of privatization and into the normative question of how policies should be evaluated in the presence of mistaken beliefs. JEL Classification: E62

We construct a time-series model of investment in Israel that incorporates both traditional economic factors derived from a theoretical model of a profit-maximising representative firm and indicators of political instability and unrest. This is used to estimate the extent to which the Intifada has depressed Israeli investment and the size of the corresponding "peace dividend". JEL Classificatio...

This article presents a formalization of knowledge based on a connectionist model of a firm’s structure. Transaction costs are not ignored, but integrated with the knowledge-based approach. A numerical example on the canonical comparison of ”Japanese” versus ”American” organizational structures illustrates the power of the model. JEL Classification: L20, L29, D89

Diffuse competition due to niche overlap between actors without (direct) ties with each other, constrains their structural autonomy. This is not dealt with in Burt’s mathematical model of his well-known structural holes theory. We fix his model by introducing a network measure of niche overlap. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: L0; L1

This paper develops a tractable dynamic term structure models under jump-diffusion and regime shifts with time varying transition probabilities. The model allows for regime-dependent jumps while both jump risk and regime-switching risk are priced. Closed form solution for the term structure is obtained for an affine-type model under loglinear approximation. JEL Classification: G12, E43, E52