Fractional frequency distributions of e.g. authors with a certain (fractional) number of papers are very irregular and, therefore, not easy to model or to explain. This paper gives a first attempt to this by assuming two simple Lotka laws (with exponent 2) : one for the number of authors with n papers (total count here) and one for the number of papers with n authors, ncN. Based on an earlier m...

Survey data are often used to fit linear regression models. The values of covariates used in modeling are not controlled as they might be in an experiment. Thus, collinearity among the covariates is an inevitable problem in the analysis of survey data. Although many books and articles have described the collinearity problem and proposed strategies to understand, assess and handle its presence, ...

The New York Appellate Court ruled on 11 December 1977 in favor of Steven and Hetty Park and against Herbert Chessin for the wrongful life [5] of the Parks' child. In a wrongful life [5] case, a disabled or sometimes deceased child brings suit against a physician for failing to inform its parents of possible genetic defects, thereby causing harm to the child when born. Park v. Chessin [4] was t...

The present study aimed to analyze the interaction and main effects of deliberate practice experience and small-sided game format (3 vs. 3 and 6 vs. 6 plus goalkeepers) on the offensive performance of young soccer players. Twenty-eight U-15 male players were divided into 2 groups according to their deliberate practice experience in soccer (i.e., years of experience in federation soccer): Non-Ex...

This study assessed the construct validities and the relationships between Optimism [21], Hope [27], Self-Efficacy [18], and Locus of Control [12]. The validities and relationships between these scales were examined not only because they are to some degree rival constructs but also because there is an outstanding theoretical question in the literature of whether each of these variables is a sta...

The aims of the present study were firstly to examine the reproducibility of outdoor flat and uphill cycling time trials (TT), and secondly to assess the relationship between peak power output (Wpeak) obtained in the laboratory and outdoor cycling performance in moderately trained cyclists. Eight competitive male cyclists first performed a progressive cycle ergometer test in the laboratory to d...

The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the instructional effects of various animation strategies. Three treatment groups involved include static graphic, animation used as an attention-gaining strategy, and animation used as an attention-gaining and elaboration strategy. Participants were 115 college student volunteers. Two-way multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used ...