Conventional Phase II statistical process control (SPC) charts are designed using control limits; a chart gives a signal of process distributional shift when its charting statistic exceeds a properly chosen control limit. To do so, we only know whether a chart is out-of-control (OC) at a given time. It is therefore not informative enough about the likelihood of a potential distributional shift....

Double sampling (DS) s charts are designed to allow quick detection of a small shift in process standard deviations and to provide a quick response in an agile manufacturing environment. However, current developed DS s charts assume that the sample standard deviations follow a normal distribution. Although valid for relatively large sample sizes, this assumption has limited the application of D...

It is a ubiquitous problem to estimate the means of bounded random variables. Specially, the problem of estimating the probability of an event can be formulated as the estimation of the mean of a Bernoulli variable. Moreover, in many applications, one needs to estimate a quantity μ which can be bounded in [0, 1] after proper operations of scaling and translation. A typical approach is to design...

In clinical research, in addition to continuous responses, primary clinical endpoints for assessment of efficacy and safety of a drug product under investigation could be binary responses. For example, in cancer trials, patients’ clinical reaction to the treatment is often classified as response (e.g., complete response or partial response) or nonresponse. Based on these binary responses, the p...

Mammographic breast density is a known risk factor for breast cancer. To conduct a survey to estimate the distribution of mammographic breast density in Korean women, appropriate sampling strategies for representative and efficient sampling design were evaluated through simulation. Using the target population from the National Cancer Screening Programme (NCSP) for breast cancer in 2009, we veri...

Data obtained from national probability sample surveys provide important information on the prevalence of various health conditions and distributions of physical and biochemical characteristics of the U.S. population. The sample design of a survey specifies how sampling from a designated population over a stated period is to be accomplished. A survey's analytical objectives and interests--in pa...

Control charts with estimated control limits are widely used in practice. Common practice in control chart theory is to estimate the control limits using data from the process and once the process is determined to be in control to treat the resulting control limits as though fixed. Little is known about the run length distributions of these charts when the fact that control limits are estimated...