Remote wssing of tropospheric water vapor profiles from current geostaticmary writher satellites are made using a few broadband infrared (IR) channels in the 6-13-pn~ region. Uncerminties greater than 21N0 exist in derived water vapor values just above the surface from the IR emission measurements. [n this paper, we propose three near-[R channels. one within the O.94-jMr1 water vapor band absor...

The diffusive transport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the subsurface at petroleum spill sites can significantly affect vapor migration from sources to buildings and ground surface. Thus, knowledge of compound-specific vapor transport and bio-attenuation is of great interests to those who must identify risks and make corrective action decisions for petroleum spill sites. In this work, ...

The pull of water from the soil to the leaves causes water in the transpiration stream to be under negative pressure decreasing the water potential below zero. The osmotic concentration also contributes to the decrease in leaf water potential but with much lesser extent. Thus, the surface tension force is approximately balanced by a force induced by negative water potential resulting in concave...

The universal mercury vapor black light trap is an effective device used for collecting moth specimens in a wide variety of habitats; yet, they can present challenges for researchers. The mercury vapor trap is often powered by a heavy automotive battery making it difficult to conduct extensive surveys in remote regions. The mercury vapor trap also carries a considerable financial cost per trap ...

We consider the influence of vapor content in mixed flow leaving a liquid-vapor ejector on energy efficiency vacuum unit. As shown by numerical studies ejectors, this issue is important as overproduction, which accompanies process secondary ejection, directly impacts working both and unit whole. The greater degree load phase separator, part In addition, liquid must be returned to cycle ensure c...

The photopyroelectric (PPE) detection of vapors under ambient conditions is demonstrated. A polymer film coated on the transducer is used as sensitive layer. Sorption within this layer binds and concentrates the vapor molecules at the detector surface. Monochromatic IR-radiation selectively excites the sorbed molecules and, therefore, the detected heat is a function of vapor concentration. Prel...

ZnO and ZnO: Mn nanocrystals were synthesized via reverse micelle method. The structural properties of nanocrystals were investigated by XRD. The XRD results indicated that the synthesized nanocrystals had a pure wurtzite (hexagonal phase) structure. Resistive gas sensors were fabricated by providing ohmic contacts on the tablet obtained from compressed nanocrystals powder and the installation ...

This work presents a set of three simple and explicit equations as a function of temperature, pressure, and mass fraction for calculation of the entropy of the ammonia-water mixture in saturated and super heated conditions. They are intended for use in the optimization and second law efficiency of absorption processes. The equations are constructed by the least square method for curve fitting u...

This paper introduces a new chemically-assisted mechanical refrigeration system that combines the advantages of the vapor compression, vapor absorption, and refrigeration/solvent resorption systems. Principles of the new system are presented and the search for suitable refrigerant/solvent pairs for the system is discussed. The feasibility of the proposed system has been verified by a sample cal...