A classical Gentzen-type system is one which employs two-sided sequents, together with structural and logical rules of a certain characteristic form. A decent Gentzentype system should allow for direct proofs, which means that it should admit some useful forms of cut elimination and the subformula property. In this tutorial we explain the main difficulty in developing classical Gentzen-type sys...

Fundamental discrepancy between first order logic and statistical inference (global versus local properties of universe) is shown to be the obstacle for integration of logic and probability in L.p. logic of Bacchus. To overcome the counterintuitiveness of L.p. behaviour, a 3-valued logic is proposed.

Software model-checking based on the CEGAR framework can be made more precise by separating non-determinism from the lack of information due to abstraction. The two can be modeled individually using four-valued Belnap logic. In addition, this logic allows reasoning about negations effectively and thus enables checking of full CTL. In this paper, we present YASM – a new symbolic software model-c...

A method to perform diagnostic test generation in sequential circuits by modifying a conventional test generator is presented. The method utilizes circuit netlist modification along with a forced value at a primary input in the modified circuit. Techniques to reduce the computational effort for diagnostic test pattern generation in sequential circuits are also presented. Speed-up of the diagnos...

We examine results of gain-of-function experiments on retinocollicular maps in knock-in mice [Brown et al. (2000) Cell 102:77]. In wild-type mice the temporalnasal axis of retina is mapped to the rostral-caudal axis of superior colliculus (SC). The established map is single-valued, which implies that each point on retina maps to a single termination zone (TZ) in SC. In homozygous Isl2/EphA3 kno...

As in a symmetric space of noncompact type, one can associate to an oriented geodesic segment in a Euclidean building a vector valued length in the Euclidean Weyl chamber ∆euc. In addition to the metric length it contains information on the direction of the segment. We study in this paper restrictions on the ∆euc-valued side lengths of polygons in Euclidean buildings. The main result is that fo...

Stone-type duality connects logic, algebra, and topology in both conceptual and technical senses. This paper is intended to be a demonstration of this slogan. In this paper we focus on some versions of Fitting’s L-valued logic and L-valued modal logic for a finite distributive lattice L. Using the theory of natural dualities, we first obtain a duality for algebras of L-valued logic. Based on th...

a concept of weak $f$-property for a set-valued mapping is introduced‎, ‎and then under some suitable assumptions‎, ‎which do not involve any information‎ ‎about the solution set‎, ‎the lower semicontinuity of the solution mapping to‎ ‎the parametric‎ ‎set-valued vector equilibrium-like problems are derived by using a density result and scalarization method‎, ‎where the‎ ‎constraint set $k$...

Modular programs are built as a combination of separate modules, which may be developed and veriied separately. Therefore, in order to reason over such programs, compositionality plays a crucial role: the semantics of the whole program must be obtainable as a simple function from the semantics of its individual modules. In the eld of logic programming, the need for a compositional semantics has...

We investigate axiomatizations of Kripke’s [18] theory of truth based on the Strong Kleene evaluation scheme for treating sentences lacking a truth value. Feferman’s axiomatization KF formulated in classical logic is an indirect approach, because it is not sound with respect to Kripke’s semantics in the straightforward sense; only the sentences provably true in KF are valid in Kripke’s partial ...