Diabetic nephropathy can be identified as diabetes mellitus's furthermost significant complications. Tne End-Stage Renal Disease is also a result of diabetic nephropathy. The first-line therapy for patients with accompanied by proteinuria renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition. possible renoprotective effect evaluation valsartan/ sacubitril (ARNI) on model induced in rats compared ...

BACKGROUND Residual proteinuria is a strong modifiable risk factor for renal failure progression. We previously showed that the antiproteinuric effect of combined half doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) is increased by raising diuretic dosage. Methods. We tested whether uptitration of loop diuretics on top of combined half doses of ACE...

Abstract Sacubitril/valsartan is superior to enalapril in reducing the risks of cardiovascular death and preventing hospitalization patients with heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, often do not receive sacubitril/valsartan because concerns about hypotension. We examined feasibility initiating at a very low dose (VLD) potentially intolerant HFrEF subsequent up-titration, t...

Abstract Introduction Arterial stiffness is one of end-organ damage signs in patients with arterial hypertension. Carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) a clinical measure and its values above 10 m/sec are associated increased cardiovascular risk. Soluble ST2 cytokine involved fibrotic processes. There paucity data on the association between sST2, stiffness, effect valsartan these paramete...

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of valsartan in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduction with other angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in essential hypertension. METHODS Systematic literature search of databases between October 1997 and May 2008. Meta-analysis of short-term, double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for treatment of adult hype...

This analysis aimed to explore whether low-dose irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) has superior blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy over low-dose valsartan/HCTZ in the elderly and across both genders. This is a post-hoc analysis of data from a multicenter, parallel group, open-label, blinded-endpoint study in patients with hypertension uncontrolled with HCTZ monotherapy. The reduction in s...

Background. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk of progression to end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease. Data from other populations and animal experiments suggest that neprilysin inhibition (which augments the natriuretic peptide system) may reduce these risks, but clinical trials among patients with CKD are required to test this hypothesis. Methods. UK Heart an...

The beta-blocker atenolol is less effective than angiotensin-receptor blockers and calcium-channel blockers for reducing central blood pressure (BP). The trial was designed to determine whether the advantages of angiotensin-receptor blockers over atenolol remained significant when both were combined with the calcium-channel blocker amlodipine. A prospective, randomized, blinded endpoint (PROBE ...

Angiotensin type 2 (AT(2)) receptors for angiotensin II suppress cell growth and induce apoptosis in vitro, but their role is poorly defined in vivo. We reported that transient induction of smooth muscle cell (SMC) apoptosis precedes DNA synthesis inhibition and aortic hypertrophy regression in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with the AT(1) antagonist losartan or the converting-enzyme i...