J. T. Gudmundsson, N. Brenning, Daniel Lundin and Ulf Helmersson, High power impulse magnetron sputtering discharge, 2012, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, (30), 030801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.3691832 Copyright: American Vacuum Society, This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the ...

We investigate the vacuum state of the lattice gauge theory with fermions in 2+1 dimensions. The vacuum in the hermite form for the fermion part is obtained while the vacuum in the unitary form is proposed by Luo and Chen. It is shown that the hermite vacuum has the lower energy than the unitary one through the variational method.

The cosmological constant is not an absolute constant. The gravitating part of the vacuum energy is adjusted to the energy density of matter and to other types of the perturbations of the vacuum. We discuss how the vacuum energy responds (i) to the curvature of space in the Einstein closed Universe; (ii) to the expansion rate in the de Sitter Universe; and (iii) to the rotation in the Gödel Uni...

Effects of vacuum on moisture retention and quality characteristics of aged chicken breast fillets were evaluated. One hundred twenty-eight broilers (2 replicates of 64 birds each) were manually slaughtered, chilled in ice water, placed in unsealed plastic bags, and then aged overnight at 4 degrees C. Both pectoralis major muscles were harvested from each carcass. Left muscles were marinated fo...

Building on a series of earlier papers [gr-qc/9604007,9604008,9604009], I investigate the various point-wise and averaged energy conditions in the Unruh vacuum. I consider the quantum stress-energy tensor corresponding to a conformally coupled massless scalar field, work in the test-field limit, restrict attention to the Schwarzschild geometry, and invoke a mixture of analytical and numerical t...

Currently favoured extensions of the Standard Model typically contain ‘flaton fields’ defined as fields with large vacuum expectation values (vevs) and almost flat potentials. If a flaton field is trapped at the origin in the early universe, one expects ‘thermal inflation’ to take place before it rolls away to the true vacuum, because the finite-temperature correction to the potential will hold...

The Paper machine vacuum system is an important operation for dewatering of wet web to increase percentage solids in web. There are various models available to assess the influence of vacuum on the above parameters. In this present investigation the steady state model is discussed for estimating optimum vacuum load in flat boxes of Fourdrinier paper machine as the flat boxes are the main compon...

Vacuum distillation may be used to enhance the separation of hydrocarbons because of the improvement in relative volatility at the lower pressure. Vacuum may also be employed to break azeotropes by using two columns in series that operate at different pressures. And, it may be required to reduce the boiling point of the bottom composition so conventional heat-transfer fluids can be used for hea...