Apart from simple guesswork, time-series and regression techniques have largely dominated forecasting models for international tourism demand. This paper presents a new approach that uses a supervised feed-forward neural network model to forecast Japanese tourist arrivals in Hong Kong. The input layer of the neural network contains six nodes: Service Price, Average Hotel Rate, Foreign Exchange ...

abstract. the purpose of this study was to investigate vegetation dynamics and range conditions considering the climatic conditions and soil properties in haftooman, khoor and biabanak deserts, iran. for this purpose, after determining vegetation types and the associated species, the type of rangeland utilization, grazing season, the livestock type, the other relevant information, vegetation da...

This study examines the contribution of financial development to poverty reduction in Indonesia using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing approach cointegration framework. It also employs annual data several measures such as domestic credit, broad money, and indexes from 1986 2018. Our findings suggest that have a relationship, regardless indicators used. Furthermore, we find in...

This study investigated the effect of government debt on Nigeria’s economic growth using annual data from 1980 to 2018 and Autoregressive Distributed Lag technique. The empirical results showed that external constituted an impediment long-term while its short-term was growth-enhancing. Domestic had a significant positive impact negative. In long term short term, service payments led retardation...

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between GDP and inflation domestic
 loans given by banks private sector using time series models. In study, in which the
 1972-2020 annual data for Turkiye were used, Harvey et al. (2008) Leybourne (2007)
 linearity tests, traditional unit root tests linearly determined Kapetanios, Shin Snell
 (2003) (KSS) nonlinear perf...

our main objective in the present study was to assess the spatial variation of chemical and physical water properties. prior to the design of groundwater quality monitoring networks, it is essential to investigate the spatial structure of the groundwater quality variables. a case study is presented which used ground water quality observations from groundwater domestic wells in the dameghan, ira...

Government growth has been a long-standing research issue among public economists as well as an important concern of the general public. This paper investigates the impact of government IT investments on government growth. Drawing on the literature on public economics, political sciences, and IT value, I offer theoretical discussions and four mechanisms as to the relationship between IT investm...

Labor turnover is a commonly-cited mechanism for the transmission of spillovers from multinational to domestic firms, but until now there has been little direct evidence for this mechanism. Using a novel matched establishment-worker database from Brazil, I present evidence consistent with the existence of positive multinational spillovers through worker mobility in Brazil. The paper explores wh...