there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...

The water shortage crisis that is sweeping the globe today has posed serious harm and threat to people around the world. Meanwhile, Iran is one of the water-scarce countries due to its location in the arid and semi-arid belt and fluctuations in rainfall. The water status in most of its regions is in a state of tension and sometimes crisis. The pervasive nature of water and the existence of nume...

in this thesis, structural, electronical, and optical properties of inverse pervskite(ca3pbo) in cubic phase have been investigated.the calculation have been done based on density functional theory and according to generalized gradiant approximate (gga) as correlating potential. in order to calculate the configurations, implementing in the wien2k code have been used from 2013 version. first of ...

Analysis of the Location of Urban Fire Stations Case Study: Piranshahr City I. Ebrahimzadeh[1] D. Kashefidoost[2] A. Hosseini[3] 1. Introduction The first key point in order to allocate city facilities and proper use of them especially during the crisis, is choosing (selecting) the optimum location (place) regarding to different and sometimes contradictory conditions. This becomes more importan...

Recently, imbalances in the electricity production and consumption in Iran, have caused critical situations at specific times of the year; meanwhile, the residential sector, with a 51 percent share, is the main reason for peak demand crisis. According to the international experiences, it can be hoped that by revising the residential electricity tariff structure, consumption pattern in this sect...

Recently, imbalances in the electricity production and consumption in Iran, have caused critical situations at specific times of the year; meanwhile, the residential sector, with a 51 percent share, is the main reason for peak demand crisis. According to the international experiences, it can be hoped that by revising the residential electricity tariff structure, consumption pattern in this sect...

regarding the ever evolving and improving world on different aspects of knowledge, the need to a worldwide communication would emerge stronger than ever before which calls for special attention on the judgments and best choices for intermediating between the nations. as the language skills for translation are tested separately from translation skills themselves, to assess translation skills pro...

toury (1978:200) believes that translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. being polite while asking for something takes place differently in different cultures and languages, therefore various strategies may be applied for making requests and also translation of them in order not to disturb or threaten the face or better to sa...

a major concern in the last few years has been the fact that the cultural centers are keeping distance with what they have been established for and instead of reproducing the hegemony, they have turned into a place for resistance and reproduction of resistance against hegemony. because the cultural centers, as urban public spaces in the last two decades, have been the subject of ideological dis...

the neogene intrusion masses in the noudeh-enghelab area located to the north of sabzevar ophiolite have cut the late cretaceous ophiolitic rocks, sedimentary- volcanic and eocene volcanic rocks and have been covered by pliocene and quaternary deposits. the margin is of lava with basalt, phyric andesite-basalt and andesite and the central parts (dome shaped) composed of phyric andesite-trachyan...