Proponents of routine urine dipstick screening to identify patients at risk for ESRD in the primary care setting have argued that urine dipsticks are inexpensive, low risk, acceptable to patients, and now, more accurate. Proponents believe that urine dipstick screening has the potential to improve outcomes for people with early disease and increase awareness of CKD. Most primary care physicians...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the relation between functional performance skills of children with Down syndrome and the age of entry into mainstream elementary education. METHOD In a cross-sectional study of 70% of the 7-year-old children with Down syndrome in Norway (N = 43), we measured functional performance using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The study was ...

Background. Sleep difficulties, including insufficient sleep and inadequate sleep hygiene, have been prevalent among children. Sleep deprivation can lead to poor grades, sleepiness, and moodiness. We undertook this study to assess the prevalence of sleep abnormalities among elementary and middle school students in South Texas and how the groups compare with one another. Method. After approval f...

OBJECTIVE To examine the availability of beverages for sale in elementary schools. DESIGN Nationally representative mail-back survey. SETTING U.S. public and private elementary schools during the 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 school years. PARTICIPANTS Survey respondents at elementary schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Availability of beverages offered in competitive venues and school ...

CONTEXT In countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis (TB), screening programs targeting recent immigrants from TB-endemic countries have been shown to be effective in further reducing TB incidence; however, evaluative data on some aspects of these programs remain sparse. OBJECTIVE We sought to retrospectively evaluate a school-based screening program targeting children at high risk for T...

to determine the relationship between anthropometric indicators, physical activity (pa) and socioeconomic status (ses) with fundamental movement skills (fms) among iranian male students.in this descriptive study, based on ses scores, 241 students (7-10 years) were randomly selected and classified in high, medium and low groups. all children were measured by 8 morphology anthropometric measures....

Complex networks are used to describe interactions in many real world systems, including economic, biological and social systems. An analysis was done of inter-student friendship, enmity and kinship relationships at three elementary schools by building social networks of these relationships and studying their properties. Friendship network measurements were similar between schools and produced ...