Recent increases in deciduous shrub cover are a primary focus of terrestrial Arctic research. This study examined the historic spatial patterns of shrub expansion on the North Slope of Alaska to determine the potential for a phase transition from tundra to shrubland. We examined the historic variability of landscape-scale tall shrub expansion patterns on nine sites within river valleys in the B...

The first estimates of atmospheric deposition fluxes of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to the Hudson River Estuary are presented. Concentrations of PCBs were measured in air, aerosol, and precipitation at nine sites representing a variety of land-use regimes at regular intervals from October 1997 through May 2001. Highest concentrations in the gas phase were observed at urban sites such as Ca...

Trentepohlia is a genus of subaerial green algae which is widespread in tropical, subtropical, and also temperate regions with humid climates. For many years, small-scale Trentepohlia coverage had been found on the rocks of some glacier valleys on the northern slopes of Mt. Gongga, China. However, since 2005, in the Yajiageng river valley, most of the rocks are covered with deep red coloured al...

Urban development and increased impervious surfaces have contributed to pollution loading in the Chattahoochee River and Proctor Creek, major urban waterways and receiving waters for Atlanta stormwater and wastewater effluent. The purpose of this study was to investigate spatial and temporal variation in E. coli and bacteriophage MS2 and relationships with Dissolved Oxygen, turbidity, rainfall,...

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) negatively affect water quality in urban river and lake systems worldwide by contributing thermally enhanced waters, particulates, and various organic and inorganic contaminants. Cities that utilize CSOs must reassess aging sewer systems or minimize the impact overflows have on water quality. The Buffalo River, which drains into northeastern Lake Erie, receives c...

Rivers play a significant role in providing water resources for human and ecosystem survival and health. Hence, river water quality is an important parameter that must be preserved and monitored. As the state of Selangor and the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are undergoing tremendous development, the river is subjected to pollution from point and non-point sources. The water quality of the Kl...

The development of a real-time monitoring tool for the estimation of water quality is essential for efficient management of river pollution in urban areas. The Gap River in Korea is a typical urban river, which is affected by the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and various anthropogenic activities. In this study, fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM) with parallel fact...

The distribution characteristics of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and the resistance of enterococcus isolates to various antibiotics were investigated in Yae River, which flows through Miyazaki city, Japan. The prevalence of VRE among specimens collected from the urban river basin using mEI agar was 0.9% (2 of 226 enterococcal isolates). In the 333 enterococcal isolates obtained using ...

River basins are very complex systems which include both abiotic and biotic elements. Such a high number of components results in a situation that normal functioning of river with adjacent areas depends on a set of hydrological and geological processes. They influence biological diversity observed in river basins (Arscott et al., 2005; Marshall et al., 2006). Proper assessment of a lotic system...