Fabric quality and durability are a concern with fibers that contain natural antibacterial properties or are treated to provide antibacterial properties. The textile industry has developed antibacterial fabric to address the public’s desire for improved sanitation and personal protection against disease transmission. The approach has been to attach biocidal or some bacteriostatic groups to the ...

The appearance of Square in Northwest Iran, as a traditional element of the city, did not have a certain definition in the urban planning due to its structural disruption in the spatial fabric as well as its chaotic present in the manifestation of its identity. On the other hand, since the concept of the square in this area does not match to the similar models existing in the central plateau of...

Abstract Growing plants along the vertical axis of a building façade is currently re-emerging as technique for (re)integration greening into urban fabric. This article reports an exploratory study that involved design, development and evaluation within low-income communities in Lagos, Akure (Nigeria) Dar es Salaam (Tanzania). We highlight gardens’ contributions to food production (vegetables). ...

The Indian city of Pune witnessed rapid growth and deep transformation processes in the last three decades. This paper assesses past developments and recent structures and processes against the concept of urban sustainability. Following an overview of the historical development, the dimensions of sustainability are discussed separately, based on empirical findings. Urban growth puts enormous pr...

Beirut has successively been seen as the icon of the war-destroyed city, the paradigmatic case of “urbicide” and then as the symbol of a city rebirth through the reconstruction of its city center, praised in real estate journals and sold as a booming touristic destination to natives of the Arabo-Persian Gulf. Both images place Beirut as a city out of compare, out of norm, defining it as a uniqu...

Current shielding effectiveness (SE) of electromagnetic shielding (EMS) fabric is tested in the plane state, the testing results are difficult to describe the shielding effect of a garment in a curve surface state after manufactured by the fabric. To solve this problem, this study proposes a new SE computation model of the EMS fabric based on a SE vector. The model can calculate a theoretical S...

Here, in situ synthesis of nano zinc oxide, along with aminolysis of polyester fabric, has simultaneously been carried out by using triethanol amine (TEA) and zinc acetate. The ZnO nano particles (NPs) were formed and stabilized on the fabric surface by amine compound at 130 °C for 1 h. The synthesis of nano ZnO particles on the polyester fabric were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern...

Response of a fabric to applied forces normal to its plane is known as fabric compressional behavior. It is one of the important properties that determine fabric performance in many applications. The principle of a system used to measure fabric compressional characteristics, online, is proposed in this paper. A controllable nip formed by a pair of rollers is employed to apply compressional defo...

Broken ends, missing picks, oil stain and holes are the most common fabric defects. To deal with the situation that manual fabric detection will affected by the subjective factors of inspectors, an automatic computer vision based fabric defect detection method is introduced in this paper. The system uses threshold segmentation method to identify if there are any defects existed in the fabric, a...