Rodrik (2018) hypothesises that technology used in global value chains (GVCs) is biased against the use of unskilled workers. To test this hypothesis, we introduce a GVC production function which final output produced by means factor inputs from all countries participate GVC. In contrast, previous studies only consider one stage using single country. We derive substitution elasticities and labo...

We document three facts: (i) Higher educated workers are more likely to moonlight; (ii) conditional on education, with higher wages less and (iii) the prevalence of moonlighting is declining over time for all education groups. develop an equilibrium model labor market explain these patterns. A dominating income effect explains negative correlation productivity in cross section downward trend ti...

The theory of international trade suggests that free trade will raise national income. It does not, however, suggest that the incomes of all factors of production will rise. Indeed, Stolper and Samuelson (1941) showed that the removal of import barriers could lower the income of the factor of production used relatively intensively in the production of imported products. Therefore, if OECD impor...

Skill-Biased Technical Change is a shift in the production technology that favors skilled over unskilled labor by increasing its relative productivity and, therefore, its relative demand. Traditionally, technical change is viewed as factor-neutral. However, the observed rapid rise in the relative wage of skilled workers in conjunction with an upward trend in their relative supply means that rec...

Abstract In this paper we use a large overlapping generations model with individuals that differ across age, productivity and native status to assess the effects on the pension system of different immigration quotas in the context of an aging population by computing how much should social security taxes be rised in order to pay for the pension burden in two model economies. The first one is the...

BACKGROUND The study of the severity of occupational injuries is very important for the establishment of prevention plans. The aim of this paper is to analyze the distribution of occupational injuries by a) individual factors b) work place characteristics and c) working conditions and to analyze the severity of occupational injuries by this characteristics in men and women in Andalusia. METHO...

Despite macroeconomic stabilization and structural reforms, employment problems have persisted in Latin America. The 1990s have seen a slowdown in the rate of job creation, unemployment rates have stagnated at about 10%; informal sector employment has expanded, and increases in real wages have been particularly favorable to skilled workers. The purpose of this article is to explain this apparen...

BACKGROUND In South Sudan, birth deliveries attended by unskilled birth attendants put the mothers and their newborns at increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with delivery by unskilled birth attendants or by unassisted delivery. DESIGN We examined data for 2,767 (weighted total) women aged 15-49 years who delivered at ho...