جنس لاله، از خانواده Liliaceae، در حدود 100 گونه دارد که 19 گونه آن از ایران گزارش شده است. در این پژوهش، آناتومی پیاز 14 گونه جنس لاله متعلق به دو زیر جنس .Eriostemones Boiss |(T. biebersteiniana, T. biflora, T. turcomanica, T. humilis)| و زیر جنس Tulipa |(T. clusiana, T. montana var. montana, T. montana var chrysanta, T. kuschkensis) micheliana, T. ulophylla, T. lehmanniana. T. , T. systola ,...

the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship among efl learners learning style preferences, use of language learning strategies, and autonomy. a total of 148 male and female learners, between the ages of 18 and 30, majoring in english literature and english translation at islamic azad university, central tehran were randomly selected. a package of three questionnaires was ad...

learning-oriented assessment seeks to emphasise that a fundamental purpose of assessment should be to promote learning. it mirrors formative assessment and assessment for learning processes. it can be defined as actions undertaken by teachers and / or students, which provide feedback for the improvement of teaching and learning. it also contrasts with equally important measurement-focused appro...

the current study examined iranian undergraduate efl students’ willingness to communicate with regard to their vocabulary knowledge. in general, participants were somewhat willing to communicate in english. the total mean score of 730 university students’ perception of willing to communicate was 83.53 out of 135. results, regarding four parts of willingness to communicate, revealed that part...

monumental changes occurring on a daily basis have altered the world into a global village of expanding technology and shrinking geography in which preparing language learners for intercultural communication seems to be a sine qua non for modern language education. employing a cross-sectional design in its first phase, this study investigated the intercultural sensitivity and language proficien...

the present study sought to investigate the impact of using mind-mapping technique instruction on female elementary efl learners reading comprehension; it also investigated their attitudes towards using mind-mapping technique as a tool to improve their reading comprehension. this study followed a quasi-experimental design with two intact groups as experimental, and control groups. the participa...