Life at the molecular level is an intricate network of protein interactions and biochemical reactions. A pathway is a small part of this network – a series of connected events, typically characterised by the product or biological outcome. Researchers have defined many biological pathways. These pathways can be accessed via the scientific literature, textbooks, or electronic databases, but the i...

EMBL-EBI’s Protein Data Bank in Europe [2] (PDBe) is the European resource for the collection, organisation and dissemination of data about biological macromolecular structures. PDBe is one of four partners in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank [3] (wwPDB, see information box below), the consortium entrusted with the collation, maintenance and distribution of the single global repository of macrom...

Participants in medical or genetic research projects have typically provided consent for their data to be used in research but not for open public distribution. These data require a secure archiving, processing and disseminating service that respects the original informed consent agreements. The EGA was created as a service to make sure that all such data can be made available for the researche...

We consider gossiping in the complete doubly directed graph, i.e. telegrams arranged in rounds are used to exchange information between n points each having one initial item. It is proved that at least 1:44. .. log 2 n rounds are needed to inform everybody about those n distinct items of information.

Conventions: [DT] Dependency table; WU task colours (check, examine, other), EAL4 highlighted in case of multiple components in family. Abbreviations: beh. (behaviour), enf. (enforcing), ext. (extended), IF (interface), impl (implementation), interf. (interfering), mod. (module), pen (penetration), pot. (potential), req (requirement), s/e (supporting/enforcing), subs. (subsystem), sup. (support...

Main library for Southern Illinois University Carbondale [2] Holds more than 2.6 million volumes, 200,000 e-books, 43,000 current periodicals and serials, and over 3.6 million microform units Provides access to I-Share [3] (the statewide automated library system) and to a comprehensive array of databases and other electronic data files Offers a wide range of services, including Reference assist...

Why do we need Rfam? Rfam was established to make it easier to identify homologues of known non-coding RNA. We also provide comprehensive text and functional annotation [7] for these sequences. Computational analysis of non-coding RNAs is time consuming when compared to doing similar searches on protein. We provide access to RNA search tools and results which require a lot of computational time...

PRIDE is a core member in the ProteomeXchange (PX) consortium [6], which provides a standard framework for the submission and dissemination of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data to public-domain repositories. PRIDE acts as the initial submission point of MS/MS data. Datasets are then submitted to ProteomeXchange via PRIDE and are handled by expert biocurators. PRIDE also integrates th...

What is MetaboLights? MetaboLights [3] is the first general purpose, open access [4] repository for metabolomics [5] studies, their raw experimental data and associated metadata [6], maintained by one of the major open access data providers in molecular biology (Figure 1). The identification and quantification of metabolites can provide unique insights into the metabolic processes that are taki...

Why do we need UniProt? As the number of completely sequenced genomes continues to increase, huge efforts are being made in the research community to understand as much as possible about the proteins encoded by these genomes. This work is critical to many areas of science including biology, medicine and biotechnology and is generating a wealth of data. UniProt provides an up-to-date, comprehens...