We introduce the "$type{lffs}$ subdirect product" and show that every ring is uniquely a $type{lffs}$ subdirect product of a family of $simple{basicls}$ rings. Also we show some applications.

In this paper, a Sturm–Liouville problem with some nonlocal boundary conditions of the Bitsadze-Samarskii type is studied. We show that coefficients can be uniquely determined by dense set nodal points. Moreover, we give an algorithm for reconstruction potential function and other in conditions.

We consider the problem whether a permutation of a finite set is uniquely determined by its identification minors. While there exist non-reconstructible permutations of every set with two, three, or four elements, we show that every permutation of a finite set with at least five elements is reconstructible from its identification minors. Moreover, we provide an algorithm for recovering a permut...

Navigation can be studied in a graph-structured framework in which the navigating agent (which we shall assume to be a point robot) moves from node to node of a \graph space". The robot can locate itself by the presence of distinctively labeled \landmark" nodes in the graph space. For a robot navigating in Euclidean space, visual detection of a distinctive landmark provides information about th...

Let $u$ be a harmonic function in $C^1$-Dini domain such that vanishes on an open set of the boundary. We show near every point set, can written uniquely as sum non-trivial homogeneous polynomial and error term higher degree (depending Dini parameter). In particular, this implies has unique tangent at point, convergence rate to estimated. also study relationship functions nearby points special ...