We consider the propagation of a crack in a brittle material along a prescribed crack path and define a quasi-static evolution by means of stationary points of the free energy. We show that this evolution satisfies Griffith’s criterion in a suitable form which takes into account both stable and unstable propagation, as well as an energy balance formula which accounts for dissipation in the unst...

This paper analyzes local and global equilibrium dynamics in an optimizing endogenous growth model under expenditure-based fiscal austerity feedback policies expressed relative to the private capital stock—prescribing spending cuts reaction public debt accumulation. Because present value of primary surpluses turns be a nonlinear function debt, two steady state equilibria are shown emerge, one e...

This paper addresses the analysis of combinational cycles in synchronous, sequential circuits. A circuit that has a com-binational cycle does not necessarily have unstable output behavior: the cycle may be \false" for all reachable states and possible input sequences, or the unstable behavior on the cycle may not aaect the outputs. We provide a procedure to determine whether a circuit produces ...

Optical mushroom-shaped billiards offer a unique opportunity to isolate and study semiclassical modes concentrated on nondispersive, marginally unstable periodic orbits. Here we show that the openness of the cavity to external electromagnetic fields leads to unanticipated consequences for the far-field radiation pattern, including directional emission. This is mediated by interactions of margin...

The fight against malaria is currently ongoing in many countries where the disease is still endemic. The overall target is to eliminate malaria in all nations, regardless of their malaria burden, by 2030. Currently, the disease has been eliminated mainly in low-burden and unstable malaria areas globally. However, in high-burden countries, particularly in Africa, the disease is still not elimina...

Dear Editor-in-Chief, Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus (1). Symptoms can be mild to severe (2). The most common symptoms include: high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, sneezing, and feeling tired (1). Three of the four types of influenza viruses affect people, Type A, Type B, and Type C (3, 4). Type D ha...

Objective: Inflammation along with oxidative stress has an important role in the pathophysiology of unstable angina which leads to acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias and eventually heart failure. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects and thereby, it may reduce cardiovascular complications. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin on t...

Presentation of bacteria-derived CD8 T cell epitopes by dendritic cells (DC) requires either their direct infection or that DC acquire and cross-present Ags from other infected cells. We found that cross-presentation of Listeria monocytogenes-derived CD8 T cell epitopes was much stronger than direct Ag presentation by infected murine DC. Cross-presentation of Listeria-derived CD8 T cell epitope...

A ratio–dependent predator-prey model with stage structure for prey was investigated in [8]. There the authors mentioned that they were unable to show if such a model admits limit cycles when the unique equilibrium point E∗ at the positive octant is unstable. Here we characterize the existence of Hopf bifurcations for the systems. In particular we provide a positive answer to the above question...