We developed a simple monetary model to study the effects of tax evasion on the optimal inflation tax. The model is constructed so that inflation might be an indirect way of taxing the underground sector of the economy. We show that while there are theoretical reasons for positive optimal inflation rates, the effects are quantitatively small, even in countries with large underground sectors. We...

To overcome the frequency-selective fading of ultra wide band (UWB) caused by the multi-path propagation in complicated environment of coal mines, an underground wireless communication system of UWB based on multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) for coal mine is presented. Independent angle impulse response is used to build up revised channel model for underground tunn...

Microbiological activity is a general term which includes all metabolic reactions and interactions of the soil microflora and macrofauna.1 Soil microorganisms contribute to soil fertility and aggregate formation in degraded soils.2 However, it is only during the last decades that ecologists have beginning to explore the underground communities and their functional significance for the plant com...

Incipient faults usually emerge from partial discharges which eventually cause insulation degradation between two insulated cable cores. Early detection of incipient faults is of particular importance because insulation defects caused by incipient faults may lead to permanent faults in underground distribution networks. This paper presents a novel approach using S-transform and support vector r...

“Mine Backfill, An Operator’s Guide” is an extension of the electronic book on CD-ROM entitled “Mine Backfill 1998”, which was prepared for the CIM’s (Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum) centennial celebrations in 1999. Discussions with many operations revealed that there was an industry need for a backfill guide for front-line operator training and as a reference manual fo...

This research project attempts to understand the complex information interactions between musicians, promoters, and audience members who perform/promote/transform residential basements into underground music venues. The goals of this project are (1) to obtain an understanding of the informationseeking practices that enable social actors to participate in an underground music scene, (2) to ident...

This paper is based on the open pit to underground mining practice of Daye Iron Mine. The influence mechanism between high-steep slope and non-pillar sublevel caving method is studied by using physical model test. Firstly, engineering geological properties of the choosing typical research section is analysed and generalized. Secondly, the system of open pit to underground mining is developing a...

We measured spectral and time-domain properties of seismic events over a size range that spans magnitudes M r -2 to 8 in order to study earthquake source processes. In addition, we conducted laboratory experiments to study interseismic behaviors that can influence earthquake nucleation and we developed a model of eathquake rupture to explain the scaling behaviors we observe. To bridge the scale...

The backfilling mining method can effectively solve the environmental and safety problems caused by mining. It is key technology to realize green Scientific development has accelerated pace of research on rational utilization mine solid waste improved level technology. history introduced in present paper, it determined that roof-contacting mine-solid-waste This paper introduces three calculatio...

The Taiyuan Formation limestone aquifer and Ordovician are widely distributed in the coal seam floor of measures North China; water hazard safety problem stope under influence mining is very prominent. risk inrush from closely related to degree full exploitation, so it necessary study stability conditions, especially working face length effect on stability. Through numerical simulation water-ro...