In contrast to the traditional chemical vapor deposition technique under high vacuum, we introduce a deposition method in liquid to prepare Pt patterns on substrate near 100 °C by seed growth.

The electrochemical deposition of copper is studied in polyaniline (PAN) layers with different redox states before the onset of metal deposition. Three characteristic oxidising peaks are found during dissolution of the copper deposit. Their charge contributions depend markedly on both thickness and the redox state of the polymer layers. The combined electrochemical, SEM and XPS studies allow to...

High N deposition has been recognized as a major factor influencing plant-plant interactions. We aim to discover whether could affect competitive relationships between poplars predict threats posed by the introduction of exotic hybrids native relative species. Intra- and interspecific competition was investigated for an introduced hybrid poplar (Populus beijingensis) paternal species P. cathaya...

Graphene oxide (GO) thin films were simply deposited on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate via a low-voltage electrodeposition. The GO and GO thin films were characterized by Zeta Potential, X-ray diffraction, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrosc...

Risk assessments often must consider exposures that vary over time or for which the exposure duration of concern differs from the available data, and a variety of extrapolation procedures have been devised accordingly. The present experiments explore the relationship(s) between exposure concentration (C) and time (t) to investigate procedures for assessing the risks of short-term solvent exposu...

BACKGROUND In forest ecosystems with phosphorus (P) deficiency, the impact of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on nutritional traits related to P uptake and P use potentially determines plant growth and vegetation productivity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Two N deposition simulations were combined with three soil P conditions (homogeneous P deficiency with evenly low P; heterogeneous P ...