Despite its importance to ocean-climate interactions, the metabolic state of the oligotrophic ocean has remained controversial for >15 years. Positions in the debate are that it is either hetero- or autotrophic, which suggests either substantial unaccounted for organic matter inputs, or that all available photosynthesis (P) estimations (including (14)C) are biased. Here we show the existence of...

1 BACKGROUND The National Forest Programme (NFP) was put in place in Tanzania in 2001 as an instrument to implement forest policy for a period of ten years (2001-10). Its ultimate objective is: "to reduce poverty and increase economic growth by managing forests sustainably without compromising environmental and cultural values.” The primary strategies that are currently implemented for realisin...

This project is only a predictive exercise, and I cannot claim any causalities. For instance, I found that the number of days spent in foster care is important in predicting the exit outcome of a child. However, I cannot claim that staying longer in foster care causes a child to exit one way or another. There can be other unaccounted variables that impact both the length of stay and the exit ou...

In 1912 Lewis (1) administered hydantoin to rabbits, cats, and dogs and came to the conclusion that the ring was not readily broken in the body. Gaebler and Keltch (2) some years later showed that some hydantoin was excreted as hydantoic acid after injection into dogs. Wada (3) claimed that urea was produced from hydantoin after incubation with milk or certain tissue suspensions. Finally, Kozel...

A flux chamber was utilized for in vitro studies of a membrane formed by the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid of the eye of the toad (Bufo arenarum and Bufo marinus). A transmembrane potential of 20 to 30 mv was found, the pigment epithelium surface positive with respect to the choroidal surface. Unidirectional fluxes of chloride, sodium, potassium, and calcium were determined in the abse...

The decommissioning of manmade structures in the marine environment causes large volumes greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to be released. Current GHG calculation methods for offshore oil and industry infrastructure leave sources unaccounted for. results presented here show that these consequential are underreported by 50%. Until now, no study has looked at cumulative impact decommissioning, but t...

An assessment of hybrids medium staple cotton by fiber quality in the Tashkent, Fergana and Kashkadarya regions Republic Uzbekistan has been carried out. Four hybrid combinations different genetic origins were tested. The analysis influence genotype environment on manifestation qualitative parameters (length, specific breaking load, microneir) was High values found with participation wild speci...

Before functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord can be used as a reliable tool for clinical investigation of spinal cord injury and evaluation of novel treatment strategies, the sensitivity and reliability of isolated studies must be improved. Previous research has shown that the human spinal cord oscillates in a predictable manner relative to the cardiac cycle, and can b...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with underlying genetic and environmental factors. Although the contribution of alleles within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are known to exert strong effects on MS risk, much remains to be learned about the contributions of loci with more modest effects identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), as well as loci that remain u...