Cranial Ultrasound is the most available and easily repeatable technique for imaging the neonatal brain. The quality and diagnostic accuracy depend on various factors; the suitability of the Ultrasound machine for neonatal cranial work, the use of optimal settings and probes, appropriate scanning protocols, the use of a variety of acoustic windows and last but not the least the scanning experie...

Lipid monolayer coated microbubbles are currently being developed to identify vascular regions that express certain surface proteins as part of the new technique of ultrasound molecular imaging. The microbubbles are functionalized with targeting ligands which bind to the desired cells holding the microbubbles in place as the remaining unbound microbubbles are eliminated from circulation. Subseq...

In totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery, intra-operative assessment of anastomotic quality is needed. We evaluated the endoscopic application of epicardial ultrasound to visualize the coronary anastomosis and detect a construction error. In 8 pigs (71-78kg), 16 internal mammary artery to left anterior descending coronary artery anastomoses were constructed conventionally, either co...

INTRODUCTION Epiaortic ultrasound scanning (EAS) extended the use of ultrasound to the intraoperative diagnosis of aortic pathology. Surgical palpation of the ascending aorta underestimates the presence and severity of atherosclerotic plaques. Epiaortic ultrasound scanning has been used as an adjunct to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) or as a primary direct diagnostic tool for imaging th...

The aim of the current study is to assess the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of real time ultrasound scanning in measuring static humeral head position. Real time ultrasound scanning, an experimental clinical measurement, was used to record measurements of the humeral head position in a sample of (20) healthy volunteers [9 male, 11 female]. While the participant was seated in a standar...

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the characteristics of the learning curve of the first trimester (FT) fetal heart scan and to determine the required number of ultrasound examinations for training sonographers to accurately assess the normal fetal heart at 11–13+6 weeks’ gestation, by means of 2D ultrasound. Methods: We selected four trainees (resident doctors) with theoretical ...

Using catheter-mounted 2-D array transducers, we have obtained real-time 3-D intracardiac ultrasound (US) images. We have constructed several transducers with 64 channels inside a 12 French catheter lumen operating at 5 MHz. The transducer configuration may be side-scanning or beveled, with respect to the long axis of the catheter lumen. We have also included six electrodes to aquire simultaneo...

Introduction: Robotic surgery at the lateral skull base must be navigated due to the noble adjacent structures. The accuracy of CT based intraoperative navigation is limited by the resolution of the CT scan itself, but could be substantially improved by using ultrasound scanning. Material and Methods: 24 human skull bone specimen fixed in formaldehyde were acoustically characterized by an ultra...

An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection between the arterial and venous systems. In the literature, there are well-described ultrasound findings of iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula as a potential complication from percutaneous transarterial or transvenous procedures. The most important sign is direct visualization of the fistula in the place of the access site. It is necessary to loo...

This paper presents a method to evaluate intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) perfusion imaging of brain tumors acquired during resection surgeries. It consists in comparing the iUS perfusion with the standard preoperative MR perfusion. In a first step the iUS and MR perfusion data are represented in a common frame with the same pixel size. This is performed using image registration methods to achie...