Gordon Appl. Opt. 42, 542 2003 argues that use of external rather than internal mixing when aerosol optical properties are computed will not seriously affect atmospheric correction of ocean color imagery, in spite of the fact that top of the atmosphere reflectances computed with the two approaches differ significantly as shown by Yan et al. Appl. Opt. 41, 412 2002 . We apply an algorithm for si...

To my parents, Chongding Zhao and Fulan Yin, and my wife, Dawei. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is dedicated to my parents, Chongdoing Zhao and Fulan Yin, and my dear wife, Dawei, for their patience and love through all these years. My parents did their best since my childhood to provide me the best educational opportunities. They have been a source of incessant support and encouragement in m...

The dynamics of the random-phase sine-Gordon model, which describes 2D vortex-glass arrays and crystalline surfaces on disordered substrates, is investigated using the self-consistent Hartree approximation. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem is violated below the critical temperature T c for large time t > t * where t * diverges in the thermodynamic limit. While above T c the averaged autocorr...

ASA member Craig M. Story is an associate professor of biology at Gordon College in Wenham, Massachusetts. He received his BS in biology from Gordon in 1989, and his Ph.D. from Brandeis University. He was a post-doc at MIT and Harvard Medical School in the laboratory of immunologist Hidde L. Ploegh, who is now at the Whitehead Institute in Cambridge, MA. Craig enjoys fishing, reading, and talki...

a r t i c l e i n f o This paper analyses the multidimensional child poverty status and its dynamic changes in China from 1989 to 2009 using the China Health and Nutrition survey data. Built on the Alkire–Foster methodology, the adjusted child poverty headcount ratio is calculated which measures not only the traditional headcount ratio of child poverty but also the average deprivation intensity...

The past academic literature on tax policy has focused almost entirely on the analysis of tax structures in the richest countries, particularly the U.S. Overall the optimal tax models explain reasonably well the observed tax policies in these countries. As summarized in Gordon (2000), for example, past theoretical work suggests that taxes on consumption or labor income should dominate use of ca...

We argue that socializing is an important economic activity because it is vital to our well being, and that an important input into the activity of socializing is the set of experiences that is shared by the participants. Clearly, a person’s experiences are generated, in part, by standard economic choices, and therefore the set of shared experiences in any social encounter is driven by the prio...

This paper examines earnings changes surrounding firms' decisions to initiate or omit dividend payments. Firms that initiate (omit) dividend payments have positive (negative) earnings changes both before and after the dividend policy change. The subsequent earnings changes arc positively related to the dividend announcement return. Also, the stock price reactions at the announcement of subseque...

We provide an introduction to quantum field theory by observing the methods required to quantize the classical form of Klein-Gordon theory.

We show some examples of compact symplectic solvmanifolds, of dimension greater than four, which are cohomologically Kähler and do not admit Kähler metric since their fundamental groups cannot be the fundamental group of any compact Kähler manifold. Some of the examples that we study were considered by Benson and Gordon (1990). However, whether such manifolds have Kähler metrics was an open que...