The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treating modalities cancer. Cancer vaccine, aiming to harness host immune system induce a tumor-specific killing effect, holds great promises for its broad patient coverage, high safety, and combination potentials. Despite promising, clinical translation cancer vaccines faces obstacles including lack potency, limited options tumor antigens adju...

Induction of antitumor immunity using autologous tumor proteins is an attractive approach to cancer therapy. However, better methods and stimulants to present these autologous proteins back to the immune system are needed. Here, we identify streptavidin as a novel carrier protein and stimulant, and test the efficacy of both syngeneic (rat) and autologous vaccines (dogs) using streptavidin in co...

Intensive efforts to improve vaccines against cancer are currently outgoing. Mucin 1 (Muc1) is a tumor-specific antigen that is overexpressed and heavily glycosylated in a variety of adenocarcinomas. In the present study, the efficacy of an anticancer DNA vaccination strategy was demonstrated using Muc1 fusion vaccines. To enhance antigen presentation and tumor-suppressive efficacy, a chimeric ...

Tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8) is an endothelial-specific marker that is upregulated during tumor angiogenesis. We previously demonstrated that DNA-based vaccine encoding xenogeneic TEM8 can potentiate anti-angiogenesis immunotherapy of malignancy; nevertheless, it remains to be improved in minimizing immune tolerance. Recently, it has been reported that murine beta-defensin 2 (MBD2) is chem...

PURPOSE To attempt the isolation and primary culture of prostate tumor cells, to use the cultured cells for active immunotherapy, and to evaluate the safety and efficacy in a Phase I clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor fragments were collected from 50 patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > or = 10 ng/mL, < or = cT2 PCa who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) and ...

PURPOSE The idiotype (Id) of the immunoglobulin on a given B-cell malignancy is a clonal marker that can serve as a tumor-specific antigen. We developed a novel vaccine formulation by incorporating Id protein with liposomal lymphokine that was more potent than a prototype, carrier-conjugated Id protein vaccine in preclinical studies. In the present study, we evaluated the safety and immunogenic...

Although HER2/neu-targeted cancer vaccines have shown initial promise in the adjuvant setting, a therapeutic vaccine remains elusive due to the tumor escape mechanisms of established cancer. As described by Seavey et al. in this issue of CCR, a Listeria-delivered vaccine may help overcome immune tolerance, leading to an effective therapeutic vaccine.

Abstract The viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) are strongly associated with cervical cancer. We developed assessed the efficacy an mRNA-HPV therapeutic vaccine (mHTV), containing proteins, in C57BL/J mice. mHTV generated robust T cell-mediated immune responses induced short-lived effector tetramer-specific cells. immunization significantly suppressed tumor growth mice i...

A human papillomavirus type 16 E7 DNA vaccine with the open reading frame encoding mutations in two zinc-binding motifs expressed a rapidly degraded E7 protein. This vaccine induced a significantly stronger E7-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response and better tumor protection in mice than did a wild-type E7 DNA vaccine expressing a stable E7 protein.

B7-H1 is a co-inhibitory molecule belonging to the B7 family. The B7-H1 protein is only expressed on macrophage lineage of cells in normal tissues, but is overexpressed in most types of tumor. The aberrant expression of cell surface B7-H1 on cancer cells is generally associated with high-risk prognostic factors. The tumor-associated B7-H1 increases apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells through ...