The Indonesian tsunami in December 2004 awakened the world to the need to better understand and predict tsunami wave behavior using simulations. In order to understand such an immense amount of data, a visual approach was desired. This paper describes a visualizer for tsunami wave simulations. The Tsunami Visualization and Animation Tool (TVAT) works with multiresolution wave height and bathyme...

Heavy mineral assemblages were studied in onshore sandy deposits from the 26 December 2004 tsunami on Kho Khao Island, southern Thailand. The most common minerals included tourmalines, zircon, muscovite, biotite, limonites and opaque minerals. An abundance of micas and depletion in tourmalines allowed us to distinguish the tsunami deposits from modern beach sediments and pre-tsunami soils. Majo...

A series of tsunami-like waves of non-seismic origin struck several southern European countries during the period of 23 to 27 June 2014. The event caused considerable damage from Spain to Ukraine. Here, we show that these waves were long-period ocean oscillations known as meteorological tsunamis which are generated by intense small-scale air pressure disturbances. An unique atmospheric synoptic...

An unsteady discrete adjoint implementation for a discontinuous Galerkin model solving the shallow water wave equations on the sphere is presented. Its use for tsunami simulations is introduced to reconstruct the initial condition automatically from buoy measurements. Based on this feature, a real-time tsunami model is developed, using several numerical tools such as a high-order discretization...

[1] We present a method for the rapid estimation of tsunami wave heights, either in the deep Pacific Basin, or at specific shore locations. It uses a database of 260 pre-computed scenarios of generic sources distributed along the Pacific trenches, and can provide an estimate of wave heights within minutes of the location of the earthquake and the estimation of its moment. The method is tested a...

The Tsunami in 2004 devastated Sri Lanka. In its aftermath, followed aid and support from multiple sources. As countries in South Asia ready themselves for climate change and the possibility of increased frequency in natural disasters, it is useful to understand how well post disaster operations work to help victims. It is vital that a country’s post-disaster development aid is well targeted an...

The 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake and the resulting tsunami caused catastrophic damage in the Kanto region of Japan. Previous modeling of the 1703 earthquake applied inversion analyses of the observed terrestrial crustal deformations along the coast of the southern Boso Peninsula and revealed that the tsunami was generated along the Sagami Trough. Although these models readily explained the obs...

Two major earthquakes near the Central Kuril Islands (Mw=8.3 on 15 November 2006 and Mw=8.1 on 13 January 2007) generated trans-oceanic tsunamis recorded over the entire Pacific Ocean. The strongest oscillations, exceeding several meters, occurred near the source region of the Kuril Islands. Tide gauge records for both tsunamis have been thoroughly examined and numerical models of the events ha...

BACKGROUND Armed conflicts and natural disasters are common. Millions of people, including children are killed, injured, disabled and displaced as a result. The effects of conflict and natural disaster on mental health, especially of children are well established but effects on education have received less attention. This study investigated associations between conflict and/or tsunami exposure ...

For the integration of national tsunami warning systems to large scale, ocean-wide warning infrastructures a specific protocol has been developed enabling system communication in a system-of-system environment. The proposed communication model incorporates requirements of UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission tsunami programme to interlink national tsunami early warning systems. The model...