This study examines the economic impacts of US hurricanes. The major conclusions are the following: First, there are substantial vulnerabilities to intense hurricanes in the Atlantic coastal United States. Damages appear to rise with the ninth power of maximum wind speed. Second, greenhouse warming is likely to lead to stronger hurricanes, but the evidence on hurricane frequency is unclear. We ...

New York City’s low-lying areas are home to a large population, critical infrastructure, and iconic natural, economic and cultural resources. These areas are currently exposed to coastal flooding by warmseason tropical storms such as Hurricane Sandya (Box 2.1) and cold-season nor’easters. Sea level rise increases the frequency and intensity of coastal flooding. For example, the 12 inches of sea...

The long-term goals are to understand how variabilities in the large-scale atmospheric environment and the internal tropical cyclone structure influence tropical cyclone track and intensity characteristics and define how these influences differ between developing, mature, and decaying tropical cyclones. During the initial stages of tropical cyclone development, structure and track characteristi...

I have four long-term goals. My first goal is to finalize the large body of work already carried out by the PI on the predictability of tropical cyclone (TC) forecast tracks out to 72 hours ahead. My second goal is to apply similar, as well as new, ideas to the predictability of forecast intensity out to 72 hours ahead. My third goal is to carry out observing system simulation experiments (OSSE...

In the summer following a strong El Niño, tropical cyclone (TC) number decreases over the Northwest (NW) Pacific despite little change in local sea surface temperature. The authors’ analysis suggests El Niño– induced tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) warming as the cause. The TIO warming forces a warm tropospheric Kelvin wave that propagates into the western Pacific. Inducing surface divergence off t...

The primary objective is to continue to use innovative signal-processing methodologies to extract tropical cyclone (TC) structure information, including genesis likelihood from clouds clusters, intensity information, and wind field structure information from remote-sensing platforms in oceanic regions where in situ observations are sparse. This information is used to develop objective, accurate...

In this section, summaries of recent progress in observations, forecasting, and research of tropical cyclone formation and extratropical transition are provided. Furthermore, requirements that remain for advancements in these topics are identified. During the period since IWTC-V, there have been improvements in observational capability, new research results into important physical processes, an...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. [1] We develop a methodology for the frequency of extreme rainfall intensities caused by tropical cyclones (TCs) in...