We present transmission measurements through tungsten tri-oxide nanostructures and thin films prepared by sol–gel process on micro-contact printed substrates. Identical electrochromic switching times are found for both the nanostructures and the bulk films with equal thicknesses upon intercalation of H+ ions. We attribute the large change in the transmission through nanostructures at 632 nm, wh...

In this paper, we propose an efficient rate switching scheme for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs. The proposed scheme switches the transmission rate by the patterns of transmission successes and failures, and the measured signal strength of a recently received packet. Our simulation study shows that the proposed scheme shows better performance than existing rate adaptation schemes. Key-Words: link ad...

The integration of variable renewable energy sources (RES) into power grids has resulted in a more complex operating environment for system operators (SO), necessitating the need increased grid flexibility. This is crucial utilities, as cost-effective utilization existing infrastructure necessary, given prolonged construction period and high investment costs associated with building new deliver...

There are two kinds of MIMO systems [1], such as spatial multiplexing method and diversity method. To enhance the channel capacity, the space multiplexing method is effective in high SNR environment, while the diversity method is effective in low SNR environment. The channel capacity improvement combining two transmission methods is expected by selecting on appropriate methods depending on the ...

In this paper power system model is represented in a new domain that relates to Multi-Resolution Analysis (MRA) space. By developing mathematical model of elements in this space using Galerkin method, a new alternative method for power system simulation in nonsinusoidal and periodic conditions is developed. The mathematical formulation and characteristics of new proposed space is expressed. Als...

We study the defect-induced nonlinear transmission of a periodic structure created by alternating slabs of two materials with positive and negative refractive index. We demonstrate bistable switching and tunable nonlinear transmission in an unconventional band gap that corresponds to the vanishing average refractive index, and compare the observed effects for two different types of band gaps. ©...

This paper aims to evaluate important factors that affect switching transients overvoltages during transmission line energization. These factors include the number of repetitions to ensure the statistical characteristic of the study, the variation range of the mean closing time of the circuit breaker contacts, the model used for the representation of the transmission line and the influence of t...

1. Electrical Power Theory 1.1 Electrical Energy 1.2 Direct and Alternating Current 1.3 Three-Phase Systems 1.4 Star and Delta Connections 1.5 Phasor Representation 2. Electrical Generators 2.1 General Theory 3. Electrical Transformers 3.1 General Theory 3.2 Transformer Connections 4. Electrical Generator Configuration 4.1 Generator Rotor 4.2 Generator Stator 4.3 Excitation System 4.4 Generator...