That the cerebral cortex processes information at prodigious speeds cannot be doubted. Yet the passive time constant •*„ of neurons, often thought of as a measure of the neuron's "response time" to synaptic input is relatively long. In the 1950s, T O was estimated to be only a few milliseconds for mammalian central neurons; with improvement in recording techniques, its estimated value grew over...

Terminal Time is a machine that constructs ideologically-biased documentary histories in response to audience feedback. The audience answers multiple-choice questions via an applause meter. The answers to these questions influence which historical events are chosen from a knowledge base, how these events will be slanted to embody the bias implied in the audience's answers, and how the events wi...

The ribosome is imprinted with a detailed molecular chronology of the origins and early evolution of proteins. Here we show that when arranged by evolutionary phase of ribosomal evolution, ribosomal protein (rProtein) segments reveal an atomic level history of protein folding. The data support a model in which aboriginal oligomers evolved into globular proteins in a hierarchical step-wise proce...

torsion of many symmetric structures, which were designed based on the seismic codes, is due to their asymmetricity induced during inelastic behavior. although the structure was designed symmetrically assuming elastic based criteria, different factors such as material inconsistency in structure, construction details discrepancy and construction errors may result in asymmetric behavior in inelas...

s since January 1975, a full-text search capacity, and a personal archive for saving articles and search results of interest. All articles can be printed in a format that is virtually identical to that of the typeset pages. Beginning six months after publication, the full text of all Original Articles and Special Articles is available free to nonsubscribers who have completed a brief registrati...

A paper describes the main events and periods in the history of Pathophysiology as a curriculum element and research area. The national schools of Pathophysiology in Russia, continental Europe, Asia and British-North American world are compared, their history discussed. The evolution of Pathophysiology towards Systemic Pathobiology, its crisis and perspectives are evaluated. The priority of Rus...

We consider the classical dynamics of a particle in a (d=2,3)-dimensional space-periodic potential under the influence of time-periodic external fields with zero mean. We perform a general time-space symmetry analysis and identify conditions, when the particle will generate a nonzero averaged translational and vortex currents. We perform computational studies of the equations of motion and of c...