One of the greatest puzzles of human evolutionary history concerns the how and why of the transition from small-scale, ‘simple’ societies to large-scale, hierarchically complex ones. This paper reviews theoretical approaches to resolving this puzzle. Our discussion integrates ideas and concepts from evolutionary biology, anthropology, and political science. The evolutionary framework of multile...

Biotechnology today is a well-established paradigm in many areas of human endeavor, such as the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, management of the environment and many others. Meanwhile, biology is undergoing a spectacular transition: whereas systematic biology was replaced gradually by molecular biology, the latter is rapidly being transformed into a new systematic era in which entire gen...

This paper tries to describe a piece of the phenomena of shifting behavior of voters in Indonesia’s democratic transition era. It focused on Jombang district of East Java’s grassroots level. This study adopted an institutional approach to understanding local context of political and social institution as actors that have important roles in shifting behavior. The changing pattern of public parti...

Providers of treatment for opioid addiction have entered a new era of accountability, as Federal and State regulators increasingly demand objective evidence of treatment effectiveness. Since the length of treatment is associated with success of treatment, opioid treatment programs that demonstrate an ability to retain patients can make a strong case that they are effective. The challenge to opi...

The Malthusian model is the subject of a fierce debate within economic history. Although positive causal relationship postulated from living standards to population growth relatively uncontroversial for preindustrial societies, this cannot be said other key relationship, diminishing returns due fixed supplies land. We argue that Denmark, which was characterized by extreme resource and environme...

Coal and lignite regions are on the way to reinvent themselves. In this work, three aspects related reclamation exploitation of these mining areas analyzed, focusing role geotechnical engineering. Firstly, slope stability excavations is examined during water filling practice. Secondly, effect extreme rainfall studied abandoned mines. Finally, potential a waste dump by highway or railroad invest...

We present a new mechanism for baryogenesis by introducing a heavy vector-like SU(2)W singlet quark(s) with Qem = 2 3 quark U or Qem = −13 quark D. The lifetime of the heavy quark is assumed to be in the range 2 × 10−11 s < τ < 1 s. Being SU(2)W singlet, it survives the electroweak phase transition era. It mixes with SU(2)W doublet quarks with tiny mixing angles to satisfy the FCNC constraints,...

Computing is undergoing a seismic shift from client/server to the cloud, a shift similar in importance and impact to the transition from mainframe to client/server. Speculation abounds on how this new era will evolve in the coming years, and IT leaders have a critical need for a clear vision of where the industry is heading. We believe the best way to form this vision is to understand the under...

The 1960s ushered in a new era in US demographic history characterized by significantly lower fertility rates and smaller family sizes. What catalyzed these changes remains a matter of considerable debate. This paper exploits idiosyncratic variation in the language of "Comstock" statutes, enacted in the late 1800s, to quantify the role of the birth control pill in this transition. Almost 50 yea...

The graceful exit transition from a dilaton-driven inflationary phase to a decelerated Friedmann−Robertson−Walker era requires certain classical and quantum corrections to the string effective action. Classical corrections can stabilize a high curvature string phase while the evolution is still in the weakly coupled regime, and quantum corrections can induce violation of the null energy conditi...