In this paper, Intelligent water drop algorithm (IWD) is used to analyze single overhead line connected to grid-grounded arrester. In this approach, at first Norton’s equivalent circuit of the overhead line over lossy soil is computed by method of moments (MoM) and then for the problem under consideration, a nonlinear equivalent circuit in the frequency domain is proposed. Finally applying inte...

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a disorder characterized by a sudden attack of severe anterograde amnesia, where patients are unable to learn and recall novel information during the event. Although fi rst described at least 60 years ago, the etiology and pathophysiology of TGA remain unclear and have been a matter of debate among clinicians and researchers. In this paper, we present a case of...

This paper deals with a numerical and experimental study of ultrasound induced cavitation. On the basis of a computational analysis of Gilmore’s equation for the individual bubble dynamics, a slight decrease in the pressure radiated by a single bubble immediately before reaching the transient cavitation regime is predicted. Experiments presented in this paper confirm this observation. Therefore...

The spectral changes of the enzyme-hound FAD were investigated in the anaerobic and aerobic reactions of lysine monooxygenase, a flavoprotein. Under anaerobic conditions, the enzyme FAD was fully reduced with lysine via a transient intermediate having a broad absorption band in the long wavelength region. This anaerobic species was presumably involved in the dehydrogenation of lysine leading to...

Cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus supports replication and encapsidation of the viroid-like satellite RNA (sat-RNA) of lucerne transient streak virus (LTSV) in two monocotyledonous species, Triticum aestivum and Dactylis glomerata. Additionally, LTSV sat-RNA replicates effectively in the presence of turnip rosette sobemovirus in Brassica rapa, Raphanus raphanistrum and Sinapsis arvensis, but not in ...

The order and timing of species immigration during community assembly can affect species abundances at multiple spatial scales. Known as priority effects, these effects cause historical contingency in the structure and function of communities, resulting in alternative stable states, alternative transient states, or compositional cycles. The mechanisms of priority effects fall into two categorie...

Community effects of low toxicant concentrations are obscured by a multitude of confounding factors. To resolve this issue for community test systems, we propose a trait-based approach to detect toxic effects. An experiment with outdoor stream mesocosms was established 2-years before contamination to allow the development of biotic interactions within the community. Following pulse contaminatio...

Charged Domain Walls In article number 2300005, Petr S. Bednyakov and Jiří Hlinka observe transient domain structure with multiple superdomains containing bundles of ferroelastic subdomains during the paraelectric to ferroelectric transformation in crystal barium titanate under off-axis electric field. Operando optical microscopy reveals that after retraction phase, superdomain boundaries conve...