Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), an immunosuppressive cytokine, inhibits cytotoxic T cell (CTL) immune responses. In contrast, 4-1BB (CD137), a costimulatory molecule in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, amplifies CTL-mediated antitumor immune responses. We investigated whether TGF-beta1 responses could be reversed by 4-1BB costimulation during in vitro differentiati...

PURPOSE Transforming growth factors (TGFs) have pleiotropic biological effects on tumor cells and their environment. In multiple myeloma (MM), we have reported that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from MM patients produce more TGF-beta1 than BMSCs from healthy donors, which in turn induces interleukin (IL)-6 secretion. We show here that the TGF-beta receptor I kinase inhibitor SD-208 signific...

background: growth factors play a major part in wound healing in many tissues including the periodontium. transforming growth factor-β1 (tgf-β1) is one of these factors present in the gingival crevicular fluid. in addition, it is considered as one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines. interleukin-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine that presents itself in gingival inflammation and the...

Objective(s): The role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an anti-oxidant in attenuating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis has been reported. However, its effect on parenchymal remodeling via regulating the protease-antiprotease balance is not fully defined. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the possible role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), tissue i...

Ovarian low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) is a rare disease and is now considered to be a distinct entity from high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), which is the most common and malignant form of epithelial ovarian cancer. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a secreted matricellular protein that has been shown to modulate many biological functions by interacting with multiple molecules in t...

BACKGROUND Myofibroblasts, a derived subset of fibroblasts especially important in scar formation and wound contraction, have been found at elevated levels in affected Dupuytren's tissues. Transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is characterized by expression of alpha- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and increased production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, both events of relevance...

The role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in long-term synaptic facilitation was examined in isolated Aplysia ganglia. Treatment with TGF-beta1 induced long-term facilitation (24 and 48 hours), but not short-term (5 to 15 minutes) or intermediate-term (2 to 4 hours) facilitation. The long-term effects of TGF-beta1 were not additive with those of serotonin. Moreover, serotonin-induc...

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) inhibits the proliferation of tumors in early stages of cancers, whereas it promotes tumor growth and metastasis in later stages of cancers. To examine the effect of the TGF-beta1 polymorphisms on gastric cancer risk, we studied the association between C-509T and T+29C (Leu10Pro) polymorphisms in TGF-beta1 and gastric cancer risk in 414 cases and 41...

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are implicated in the etiology of anogenital cancers. Expression of the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins is believed to contribute to the carcinogenic process. Progressive loss of the ability to differentiate and resistance to the growth-inhibitory effects of endogenous signals also appear important in multistep tumorigenesis. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1)...

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) inhibits cell growth in susceptible cells by interacting with a family of protein kinases that control cell cycle progression. In the present study, we investigated the effects of TGF-beta1 on cyclin D1 expression and activity in COLO-357 human pancreatic cancer cells. TGF-beta1 increased cyclin D1 mRNA and protein levels. Nuclear runoff transcriptio...