In Bacillus subtilis, DNA repair and recombination are intimately associated with competence, the physiological state in which the bacterium can bind, take up and recombine exogenous DNA. Previously, we have shown that the homologous DNA transformation rate (ratio of transformants to total cells) increases with increasing UV dosage if cells are transformed after exposure to UV radiation (UV-DNA...

The rate and capacity for chloroform (CF) and trichloroethylene (TCE) transformation by a mixed methanotrophic culture of resting cells (no exogenous energy source) and formate-fed cells were measured. As reported previously for TCE, formate addition resulted in an increased CF transformation rate (0.35 day-1 for resting cells and 1.5 day-1 for formate-fed cells) and transformation capacity (0....

It has been shown that catalase immobilized on graphite and soot undergoes an oxidation reduction transformation. Some results on the effect of the potential sweep rate, temperature and pH on this transformation are presented. On the basis of the relationship established, it has been proved that the redox transformation is related to the iron in the heme of the active center of the enzyme and t...

We examined the presence of maximum information preservation, which may be a fundamental principle of information transmission in all sensory modalities, in the Drosophila antennal lobe using an experimentally grounded network model and physiological data. Recent studies have shown a nonlinear firing rate transformation between olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and second-order projection neuro...

In molecular biology, transformation using E. coli as a host plays a key role in synthesizing gene libraries. The present study demonstrated a new ethanol-based method for transformation of plasmid DNA to E. coli. Ethanol at 10% concentration (v/v) showed best results. Further, as compared with traditional CaCl2 method, the transformation rate, using protocol outlined in this study, was very hi...

In this protocol, the transformation of moss (Physcomitrella patens) protoplasts is performed via Agrobacterium-mediated transfer of T-DNA. Protoplasts are incubated with Agrobacterium and acetoseringone in regeneration medium. They are then washed and plated on antibiotic-containing medium to select for T-DNA insertion in stable transformants. The transformation rate for this protocol is typic...

:, ~ varied most significantly with temperature, ranging from limited slip and twinning at 400°C, limited recrystalliza,t ,tion at 500°C, widespread recrystallization at 600 and 7QOoC, to grain growth at 800-900°C. Variations in ! confining pressure from 0.3 to 2.0 GPa have no apparent effect on calcite deformation microstructures. : Aragonite grew in 10-6-10-7 S-l strain rate tests conducted f...

In this paper, we propose and study exp-kumaraswamy distribution. Some of its properties  are derived, including the density function, hazard rate function, quantile function, moments,  skewness  and kurtosis.   Adata set isused to illustrate an application of the proposed distribution. Also, we obtain a new distribution by transformation onexp-kumaraswamy distribution.   New distribution is an...

This paper was concerned with studying the magnetohydrodynamic steady laminar free convection flow of a micropolar fluid past a continuously moving surface in the presence of heat generation and thermal radiation. Similarity transformation was employed to transform the governing partial differential equations into ordinary ones, which were then solved numerically using the finite element method...