OBJECTIVES Specificity of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) is low because amplitude fluctuation is common, which seems due to several technical and fundamental reasons including difficulty in electrodes positioning and fixation for transcranial stimulation and susceptibility to anaesthesia. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety and stability of our novel technique o...

Background The cough reflex is a protective of the human body. Increases or decreases in sensitivity may be related to chronic cough, aspiration pneumonia, and/or other diseases. right primary somatosensory cortex (RS1) main activation center for urge-to-cough. Here, we discuss effects transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) RS1 on and We also explored role left dorsolateral prefrontal (...

In this issue, Moliadze and colleagues investigate the role of electrode montage in the induction of acute lasting excitability changes by transcranial Direction Current Stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS); specifically they demonstrate that during weak transcranial electrical stimulation, the position of the ‘‘return” electrode affects neuro-modulation under the...

Abstract Background: Preliminary studies showed possible therapeutic efficacy of multisession transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over auditory cortex (AC) for chronic tinnitus; however, the findings are controversial. Objective: To investigate effects repeated sessions bilateral tDCS AC on tinnitus symptoms in intractable tinnitus. Methods: A double blinded randomized placebo contro...

Abstract Background. Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) show negative emotional reactions following both social exclusion and normally including scenarios; only experimental conditions of extreme inclusion decrease BPD patients’ rejection-related emotions to levels comparable healthy individuals. At the brain level, are mediated by right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex (rVLPFC)...

Abstract Background: Previous studies have mainly demonstrated the overall effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory (WM). However, segregative effects offline and online tDCS over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) subtypes within WM are still under debate. Here, present research explores that one session anodal dlPFC has potential to improve different...

Abstract Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an established treatment of depression. The more recently introduced intermittent Theta-burst (iTBS) has shown significant superiority over sham-stimulation and equal effect sizes to a 10Hz protocol in one clinical trial. aim the current study was investigate effectiveness tolerability iTBS naturalistic, setting. Furthe...

OBJECTIVE Accurate and reproducible coil positioning is important for headache research using transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols. We aimed to design a transcranial magnetic stimulation coil holder and demonstrate reliability of test-retest coil positioning. METHODS A coil holder was developed and manufactured according to three principles of stability, durability, and three-dimension...

When Policy Topic is not covered Treatment of tinnitus with any of the following therapies is considered investigational:  tinnitus maskers, customized sound therapy  combined psychological and sound therapy (eg tinnitus retraining therapy)  transcranial magnetic stimulation,  transcranial direct current stimulation  electrical transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the ear, electromagne...

OBJECTIVE We report here the case of a 52-year-old Korean woman who was initially diagnosed with non-fluent/global crossed aphasia. METHODS AND RESULTS Initial computed tomography of the brain revealed a haematoma of approximately 40 ml in the right basal ganglia area and cavitation around the right lateral ventricle. Three years after onset the aphasia was resolved to a conduction aphasia an...