This paper suggests “soft debt” as a social convention that facilitates long-term reciprocal relationships. In each round of a two-player repeated game, one player develops a need for help from his counterpart, who may or may not be able to help. If help is rendered, a soft debt is tacitly accrued by him to his counterpart and added to the soft debt balance between them. The roles of potential ...

Traditional workload management methods mainly focus on the current system status while information about the interaction between queued and running transactions is largely ignored. This paper proposes using transaction reordering, a workload management method that considers both the current system status and information about the interaction between queued and running transactions, to improve ...

distributed transaction processing, optimistic commit, transparent transaction compensation, e-services, Internet, e-commerce Web based services, also termed E-services are either stand-alone or use other web services for performing their tasks. Such E-services that depend on other E-services are termed composite e-services. The composition can be static or dynamic, i.e. either these e-services...

Due to the high connectivity and great convenience, many Ecommerce application systems have a high transaction volume. Consequently, the system state changes rapidly and it is likely that customers issue transactions based on out-of-date state information. Thus, the potential of transaction abortion increases greatly. To address this problem, we proposed an Mtransaction model. An M-transaction ...

Transaction time is the time of a database transaction, i.e., an insertion, update, or deletion. A transactiontime database stores the transaction-time history of a database and supports transaction timeslice queries that retrieve past database states. This paper introduces transaction time to the World-wide Web. In a web context, transaction time is the modification time of a resource such as ...

Providing good quality of service (e.g., low response times) in distributed computer systems requires measuring enduser perceptions of performance. Unfortunately, such measures are often expensive or impossible to obtain. Herein, we propose a machine-learning approach to recognizing enduser transactions consisting of sequences of remote procedure calls (RPCs) received at a server. Two problems ...

Financial advisers are often asked to value goodwill within a corporate transaction environment. These goodwill valuations may be performed in the due diligence phase of the corporate transaction for transaction pricing and structuring purposes. These goodwill valuations may be performed in the consummation phase of the corporate transaction—as part of the preparation of a transaction fairness ...

transaction cost economics (williamson, 1985) is a theory of the firm in new institutional economics that has been applied for analysing economic transaction; especially, make-or-buy decisions or vertical mergers in firms. the contribution of this paper is applying this theory for a political issue that is party formation. transaction cost economics links the party formation to the transaction ...

Instructional transactions are instructional algorithms, patterns of learner interactions, usually far more complex than a single display and a single response, which have been designed to enable the learner to acquire a certain kind of knowledge or skill. Different kinds of knowledge and skill would require different kinds of transactions. The necessary set of these instructional transactions ...

Although signiicant research has been been done in many facets of real-time database design, there has been little work in real-time transaction structuring and speciication. The adherence of conventional transactions to the ACID properties reduces data availability, which reduces the exibility of real-time transaction scheduling. This paper presents exible transaction structur-ing capabilities...