OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of tramadol and diclofenac versus a standard approved FDC of tramadol and paracetamol, in patients with acute moderate to severe pain. METHODS A total of 204 patients with moderate to severe pain due to acute musculoskeletal conditions (n=52), acute flare of osteoarthritis (n=52), acute flare of rheumatoi...

BACKGROUND Combining different analgesic drugs for improvement of drug efficacy is a recommended strategy intended to achieve the optimal therapeutic effects. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to assess the nature of the interaction between ascorbic acid and two analgesic drugs, morphine and tramadol. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analgesic activity was assessed by the acetic acid...

In the present investigation, changes in the levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, acetylcholine (ACh) content, and the activity levels of plasma (PChE) and erythrocyte (EChE) cholinesterases as representatives of pseudocholinesterases were examined in different areas of the rat brain during the administration of the synthetic opioid analgesic drug tramadol (Ultram) without induction ...

PURPOSE The analgesic Tramadol HCl (Ultram) was approved in 1994 as a non-scheduled drug under the CSA provided that a novel risk-management program would be developed by an Independent Steering Committee (ISC). The risk-management program began in 1995 with the launch of Ultram, and has been modified over the past decade to accommodate Ultracet (Ultram and acetaminophen) in 2001 and generic tr...

Tramadol hydrochloride is a centrally acting opioid receptor agonist used for acute and chronic pain management in humans. Currently, tramadol is not labeled for use in veterinary species; however, it has been used with some success for the management of pain, particularly in cats and dogs. Previous studies conducted in horses have failed to achieve what is believed to be therapeutic plasma con...

Only few studies exist regarding the risk of a teratogenic effect of tramadol when used in early pregnancy. Using the Swedish Medical Birth Register, women (deliveries in 1997-2013) who had reported the use of tramadol in early pregnancy were identified. Maternal characteristics and concomitant drug use were analyzed. Among 1,682,846 women (1,797,678 infants), 1751 (1776 infants) had used trama...

Magnetized water showed alterations in the electrolyte potential and vibration modes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of magnetic water and physiological solutions on the UV-spectra of tramadol HCl. Distilled water as well as full strength or diluted physiological solutions are magnetized by magnetic disc. Then tramadol HCl was dissolved in each magnetic and in non-magnetic solution ...

Tramadol is an opioid analgesic agent that has been the subject of a series of case reports suggesting potential for misuse or abuse. However, it is not a controlled substance and is not generally considered addictive in Korea. In this study, we examined the dependence potential and abuse liability of tramadol as well as its effect on the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in rodents. In ani...

This study aimed to evaluate the shoulder dislocation following tramadol-induced seizure and its potential difference with other shoulder dislocations. We evaluated six cases that used tramadol tablets and some of them had a history of seizure. All of the cases had shoulder dislocation. According to the findings, tramadol use and tramadol-induced seizure may increase the risk of shoulder disloc...

Poisoning may also lead to both coma and multiple organ failure, also in youngsters without a known major medical history. As not all toxic agents are routinely screened when a poisoning is suspected, it is useful to consider less frequently encountered poisons in certain cases. We describe the occurrence of asystole and multiple organ failure which occurred in a young man after a suspected tra...