Previously, a quantitative analysis that related protein synthesis inhibition of transferrin-toxin conjugates to the cellular trafficking of transferrin was proposed (P. T. Yazdi and R. M. Murphy, Cancer Res., 54: 6387-6394, 1994). Here, this work is extended to evaluate cellular trafficking of anti-transferrin receptor antibodies and protein synthe sis inhibition kinetics of immunotoxins const...

We have previously developed an antibody fusion protein composed of a mouse/human chimeric IgG3 specific for the human transferrin receptor genetically fused to avidin (anti-hTfR IgG3-Av) as a universal delivery system for cancer therapy. This fusion protein efficiently delivers biotinylated FITC into cancer cells via TfR-mediated endocytosis. In addition, anti-hTfR IgG3-Av alone exhibits intri...

The recombined ricin A chain protein (RTA) was transported into living cells by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as a cellular carrier, as performed by natural ricin B chain protein (RTB). The conjugate of the toxin protein RTA and MWNT was found to translocate to the cytoplasm of various cell lines and performed biological functions, as evidenced by the induction of cell death. The deliver...

We studied the antibody response including antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in the female genital tract of mice after mucosal immunizations with the recombinant B subunit of cholera toxin (rCTB) perorally, intraperitoneally, vaginally, and intranasally (i.n.). The strongest genital antibody responses as measured with a novel perfusion-extraction method were induced after vaginal and i.n. immuniza...

Homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), generated by site-specific toxin linkage, show improved therapeutic indices with respect to traditional ADCs. However, current methods to produce site-specific conjugates suffer from low protein expression, slow reaction kinetics, and low yields, or are limited to particular conjugation sites. Here we describe high yielding expression systems that ef...

Many cancer cell lines and cancers overexpress receptor bound urokinase plasminogen activator on the cell surface. The urokinase plasminogen activator bound to its receptor remains on the cell surface for a prolonged period of time. When urokinase plasminogen activator/urokinase plasminogen activator receptor complex binds plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), the inhibitor triggers a series...

introduction: an effective vaccine against hcv infection is not available. the non-structural protein 3 (ns3) of the virus as an important immunogenic candidate has been utilized in various modules. nanostructured polymers have been recently used for efficient vaccine and drug delivery. the aim of the current study was the synthesis of rns3-g2 conjugate and preliminary evaluation of its immunog...

botulinum toxin produced by clostridium butolinum in one of the most fatal toxins known. botulism is the name given to condition produced by this toxin. in recent years the diluted form of this toxin has been produced in injection form and used for treatment of hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm. this toxin blocks neuromuscular junction and inhibits acetylcholine release. in this article we rep...