To quantify variation in U.S. soybean meals (SBM), samples were collected from 55 U.S. soybean (SB) processing plants located in seven of the geographic SB maturity zones at three time points. These samples were analyzed for crude and acid-hydrolyzed fat, oligosaccharide, and amino acid concentrations. Acid-hydrolyzed fat concentrations were poorly correlated (r = 0.28) to crude fat concentrati...

protein and energy are the two major components of feed that influence performance of the growing and fattening lambs. provision of the quality of protein in the lamb’s diet does not only improve the animal performance but also ensures profitable animal production. different vegetable protein sources are used to formulate the rations for growing and fattening lambs. these protein sources differ...

Thirteen popular wild edible mushroom species in Yunnan Province, Boletus bicolor, Boletus speciosus, Boletus sinicus, Boletus craspedius, Boletus griseus, Boletus ornatipes, Xerocomus, Suillus placidus, Boletinus pinetorus, Tricholoma terreum, Tricholomopsis lividipileata, Termitomyces microcarpus, and Amanita hemibapha, were analyzed for their free amino acid compositions by online pre-column...

The rate of RNA synthesis in a stringent strain of Escherichia coli was measured before and during amino acid deprivation. Upon amino acid deprivation the rate of RNA synthesis rapidly fell to 30% of the control rate and did not significantly change from that value upon prolonged starvation. The composition of RNA synthesized during amino acid deprivation was investigated by hybridization-compe...

Amino acids are major primary metabolites. Their uptake, translocation, compartmentation, and re-mobilization require a diverse set of cellular transporters. Here, the broadly expressed gene product of CATIONIC AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 9 (CAT9) was identified as mainly localized to vesicular membranes that are involved in vacuolar trafficking, including those of the trans-Golgi network. In order ...

Quorum sensing controls the luminescence of Vibrio fischeri through the transcriptional activator LuxR and the specific autoinducer signal produced by luxI. Amino acid sequences of these two genes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. LuxI consists of 193 amino acids and appears to contain five α-helices and six ß-sheets when analyzed by SSpro8. LuxI belongs to the autoinducer synthetase fa...

Mittal and coworkers recently (1) analyzed the spatial organization of folded proteins backbone and advocated an alternative hypothesis on protein folding stating that specific interactions among amino acids do not drive protein folding. The authors analyzed spatial distributions of Cα atoms for all amino acid pairs in about four thousands proteins available in PDB database and they found that ...

(2S,3R)-3-Amino-2-hydroxyoctanoic acid was synthesized by Curtius rearrangement of an azide derivative of (S)-malic acid. Total syntheses of valinoctin A and its analogues were achieved by a coupling of (2S, 3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxyoctanoic acid moiety with L-valine or several other amino acids moieties. 2S configuration of 3-amino-2-hydroxyoctanoic acid moiety was found to be important for the in...

The qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the peptidoglycan layer of Listeria monocytogenes cell walls was determined. The peptidoglycan layer was isolated from intact cells after treatment with sodium lauryl sulfate and digestion with Pronase. The isolated peptidoglycan contained carbohydrates which included hexose, rhamnose, and amino sugars. The amino sugar was identified as g...