Topographic patterns are known to affect cellular processes such as adhesion, migration and differentiation. However, the optimal way to deliver topographic signals to provide cells with precise instructions has not been defined yet. In this work, we hypothesize that topographic patterns may be able to control the sensing and adhesion machinery of cells when their interval features are tuned on...

Abstract Information about catchment-scale groundwater dynamics is necessary to understand how catchments store and release water and why water quantity and quality varies in streams. However, groundwater level monitoring is often restricted to a limited number of sites. Knowledge of the factors that determine similarity between monitoring sites can be used to predict catchment-scale groundwate...

Taxus chinensis var. mairei is an endemic, endangered and first-class protected tree species with great medicinal values in China. Its forest distributes in very limited region and its area is reducing during the last 30 years. Conservation of this species and its communities is urgent. This study aimed to reveal relationships of T. chinensis var. mairei forests with soil variables and topograp...

Gully erosion can account for significant volumes of sediment exiting agricultural landscapes, but is difficult to monitor and quantify its evolution with traditional surveying technology. Scientific investigations of gullies depend on accurate and detailed topographic information to understand and evaluate the complex interactions between field topography and gully evolution. Detailed terrain ...

A comparative analysis is presented for empirical topographic normalization of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data in varied forest and topographic settings. The paired study included rugged areas of Glacier National Park, Montana, Linville Gorge Wilderness, North Carolina, and Green Mountains, Vermont, U.S.A. Empirical models of topographic bias achieved significant corrections in the Montana an...

ÐWe present a general framework for data analysis and visualization by means of topographic organization and clustering. Imposing distributional assumptions on the assumed underlying latent factors makes the proposed model suitable for both visualization and clustering. The system noise will be modeled in parametric form, as a member of the exponential family of distributions and this allows us...

PURPOSE To investigate the characteristics of the corneal topography with three-dimensional (3-D) anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) following Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK). METHODS Thirty-four eyes of 33 patients following DSAEK were studied. In addition to conventional topographic maps, the elevation map of the intrastromal interface and...

Relationships between biophysical parameters and radiometric data have been tested and evaluated by several professionals using empirical and/or physical approaches. Remote sensing data collected from airborne or orbital platforms are, of course, influenced by different factors, such as illumination/observation geometry (data collection geometry), atmospheric effects, etc., rather than by targe...

Topology preservation of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) is an advantageous property for correct clustering. Among several existing measures of topology violation, this paper studies the Topographic Function (TF) [1]. We find that this measuring method, demonstrated for low-dimensional data in [1], has a reliable foundation in its distance metric for the interpretation of the neighborhood relations...

Topographic data sets produced by the National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) are an essential part of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs). Both global and European developments will denote that the NMAs will have to adopt new strategies for managing topographic data. This paper will embrace some of the requirements and introduce a framework for topographic data management based on the analysis of stu...