BACKGROUND Whole plants or plant cell cultures can serve as low cost bioreactors to produce massive amounts of a specific protein for pharmacological or industrial use. To maximize protein expression, translation of mRNA must be optimized. Many plant viral RNAs harbor extremely efficient translation enhancers. However, few of these different translation elements have been compared side-by-side....

The binding behavior of guests (dyes and DNA) into peptide nanocapsules formed via self-assembly of a 24-mer b-annulus peptide fragment obtained from the capsid protein of the tomato bushy stunt virus is reported. The pH dependence of the f potential of the peptide nanocapsules indicates that the Cand N-termini are directed to the exterior and interior of the nanocapsules, respectively. Equilib...

18 Replication of plus-stranded RNA viruses is greatly affected by numerous host-coded 19 proteins acting as restriction factors. Cyclophilins, which are a large family of cellular 20 prolyl isomerases, have previously been found to inhibit Tomato bushy stunt tombusvirus 21 (TBSV) replication in a yeast model based on genome-wide screens and global proteomics 22 approaches. In this paper, we fu...

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) encodes a 520 aa polypeptide, P6, which participates in several essential activities in the virus life cycle including suppressing RNA silencing and salicylic acid-responsive defence signalling. We infected Arabidopsis with CaMV mutants containing short in-frame deletions within the P6 ORF. A deletion in the distal end of domain D-I (the N-terminal 112 aa) of P6 ...

Almost the whole of our evidence for the internal structure of the particles is derived from x-ray observations, particularly those of the high angle or intramolecular photographs. In contradistinction to the low angle photographs, the most striking feature is that the general appearance of the pattern is independent of the state of hydration. Most of the photographs have been taken from orient...

Host factors are recruited into viral replicase complexes to aid replication of plus-strand RNA viruses. In this paper, we show that deletion of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1Bgamma (eEF1Bγ) reduces Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication in yeast host. Also, knock down of eEF1Bγ level in plant host decreases TBSV accumulation. eEF1Bγ binds to the viral RNA and is one of the res...

The influenza A virus is of global concern for the poultry industry, especially the H5 and H7 subtypes as they have the potential to become highly pathogenic for poultry. In this study, the hemagglutinin (HA) of a low pathogenic avian influenza virus of the H7N7 subtype isolated from a Swedish mallard Anas platyrhynchos was sequenced, characterized and transiently expressed in Nicotiana bentham...

BACKGROUND Plant cell suspensions and hairy root cultures represent scalable protein expression platforms. Low protein product titers have thus far limited the application of transient protein expression in these hosts. The objective of this work was to overcome this limitation by harnessing A. tumefaciens to deliver replicating and non-replicating RNA viral vectors in plant tissue co-cultures....

The structure of the turnip crinkle virus (TCV) coat protein and coat protein gene has been examined by cDNA cloning, nucleotide sequencing and high-resolution mRNA mapping. We have cloned a 1450-nucleotide cDNA fragment, representing the 3' end of the TCV genome, using genomic RNA polyadenylated in vitro as the reverse transcriptional template. Nucleic acid sequence analysis reveals the presen...