Given the finite supply of water available for human use, continued chemical contamination of the aquatic environment may pose a significant human health hazard. Consequently, an effort must be made to develop ambient water quality criteria to protect human health and preserve the integrity of the aquatic environment. In developing water quality criteria based on human health effects, informati...

To support EFSA in the preparatory work for assessment of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) vitamin B6, a tailored ‘high level’ protocol was developed, based on template and taking into account specificities B6. This outlined methods, relevant endpoints priority adverse health effects relation to high intakes Systematic reviews (SR) were conducted following literature search, data extraction, ...

To determine the incidence of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in soil in a rapid urbanization region, soil samples from various land use types in Shenzhen were collected in winter, 2007. The concentration of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) ranged from non-detected to 149 ng g(-1) and 19 to 88 ng g(-1), respectively. The highest levels of OCPs were obse...

Background Conflicting evidence exists regarding potential cardiovascular risks associated with high levels of calcium intake. Purpose To update and reanalyze 2 systematic reviews to examine the effects of calcium intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD) among generally healthy adults. Data Sources MEDLINE; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Scopus, including EMBASE; and previous...

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is not a recommended intake. Rather, it is intended to specify the level above which the risk for harm begins to increase, and is defined as the highest average daily intake of a nutrient that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects for nearly all persons in the general population. As intake increases above the UL, the potential risk for adverse...

Abstract Two methods were developed to prioritize human health risks of pharmaceuticals based on defined daily doses (DDDs) obtained from the WHO and acute toxicity data (TDLo) PubChem database. A major advantage these is that it requires no acceptable intake (ADI), reference dose (RfD), or tolerable (TDI) values, which are often unavailable difficult obtain for group. Both applied 16 detected ...

Bisphenol A (BPA) in drinking water sources is a significant concern society because BPA one of the endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) that can cause hazards to human health even at extremely low concentration levels. This study investigated leaching potential from bottles five brands bottled Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-D...

OBJECTIVE Folic acid food fortification has successfully reduced neural tube defect-affected pregnancies across Canada. The effect of this uncontrolled public health intervention on folate intake among Canadian children is, however, unknown. Our objectives were to determine folic acid intake from food fortification and whether fortification promoted adequate folate intakes, and to describe foli...