One of the consequences of upper motor neuron disease is the development of spasticity, classically defined as a “velocitydependent increase in muscle tone and hyper-excitability of the stretch reflex.” Although alternative definitions have been recently proposed that define spasticity as a “disordered sensorimotor control,” in this study, we focused on the classic definition underlying velocit...

The objective of this study was to formulate stable and controlled release microparticles for simultaneous delivery and UV spectrophotometric detection in combined dosage of an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (nimesulide, NMS) and a spasmolytic agent (tizanidine, TZN) to maintain plasma concentration that may increase patients compliance, improved therapeutic efficacy, The aim was ...

OBJECTIVE Failed back surgery syndrome is characterized by the presence of intractable pain and varying degrees of functional incapacity after lumbar spine surgery. Because the mechanisms that cause pain are variable, treatment of this syndrome is quite difficult, and one of the most common methods that is used for treatment nowadays is epidural injection. This research evaluates the analgesic ...

The existence of specialty prescribers is challenging. Multiple prescribers have been identified as a risk factor for treatment with medications considered to be “inappropriate.” The use of “inappropriate” medications, in turn, has been associated with adverse outcomes such as hospitalization and death. In my experience, specialty prescribed medications include muscle relaxants for spasticity i...