Osseointegration of titanium implants is a complex biological process involving interactions between immuno-inflammatory responses, angiogenesis and osteogenesis, all of which are influenced by the physical and chemical characteristics of the implant surface. An implant surface with moderately rough topography and high surface energy influences cellular activities, enhancing peri-implant bone w...

Restorations of 98 implant-supported single crowns in anterior maxillary area were divided into 5 groups: zirconia abutment, titanium abutment, and gold/gold hue abutment with zirconia coping, respectively, and titanium abutment with metal coping as well as gold/gold hue abutment with metal coping. A reflectance spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the color difference between the implant cro...

BACKGROUND In dental implant treatment, the long-term prognosis is dependent on the biologic seal formed by the soft tissue around the implant. The in vitro investigation of the implant-soft tissue interface is usually carried out using a monolayer cell-culture model that lacks a polarized-cell phenotype. This study developed a tissue-engineered three-dimensional oral mucosal model (3D OMM) to ...

Many inserted implants are affected by peri-implantitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate increases in implant temperature, depending on the diameter and chemical composition of implants. In particular we measured the time it takes for the temperature of an implant to rise by 10°C and evaluated laser power settings required to prevent thermal injury when an implant surface is decontaminated...

Five titanium plasma-sprayed implants were biopsied from a human volunteer 6 months after placement. Four test implants had been placed in immediate extraction sockets, while one implant was placed in a mature site and served as a control. The histologic analysis demonstrated that all five implants achieved osseointegration as demonstrated by light microscopy, whereas a varying degree of bone-i...

This study presents a histomorphometric and biomechanical comparison of bone response to commercially pure titanium screws with 4 different types of surface topographies placed in the tibial metaphysis of 12 rabbits. Each rabbit had 4 implants placed, 2 in each tibia. The 4 surface topographies were a machined surface, a grit-blasted surface, a plasma-sprayed surface, and an acid-etched (Osseot...

Little is known about the tissue reactions to various implant materials which coincide with an inflammatory reaction. We used the avridine arthritis rat model to evaluate the tissue response in the synovial, interstitial and subcutaneous tissues after implant insertion. Quantitative immunohistochemistry showed that normal joint synovial tissue is dominated by ED2-positive resident macrophages. ...

We designed an in vivo study to determine if the superimposition of a microtexture on the surface of sintered titanium beads affected the extent of bone ingrowth. Cylindrical titanium intramedullary implants were coated with titanium beads to form a porous finish using commercial sintering techniques. A control group of implants was left in the as-sintered condition. The test group was etched i...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone response to commercially pure titanium grade I and titanium alloy grade V (90% Ti, 6% Al, and 4% V, depicted Ti6Al4V) after 8 weeks in rabbit tibia. Interference microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for surface analyses. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for evaluation of surface crystallinity and chemistry after prep...

Bone loss around femoral hip stems is one of the problems threatening the long-term fixation of uncemented stems. Many believe that this phenomenon is caused by reduced stresses in the bone (stress shielding). In the present study the mechanical consequences of different femoral stem materials were investigated using adaptive bone remodeling theory in combination with the finite element method....