Fibrosis is the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix and can occur in all soft tissues. In many organs, including skin, fibrosis also associated with a loss fat or lipid-filled cells. dermal adipose tissue has critical roles which are likely impacted by fibrotic remodeling. Despite identifying numerous dysregulated signaling pathways common to disease, mechanism remains poorly unde...

Immune-modifying particles (IMPs) composed of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-IMP) are taken up by circulating inflammatory monocytes via scavenger receptor MARCO and lead them to traffic the spleen where they undergo apoptosis. PLGA-IMPs has been demonstrated improve immune-mediated pathology in diverse tissues conditions. Here we report using intravenous for severe acute ski...

The symptomatology Jf cyanide poisoning has been known for well )ver 100 years. Claude Bernard (1) was among the first to stress the inhibitory effect on the respiration of higher animals. The work of Keilin (2) and of Stotz (3) has shown that cyanide ion combines in vitro with :ytochrome oxidase and thereby interferes with the utilization of molecular oxygen by the tissue oxidation-reduction s...

BACKGROUND Stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1) is a chemotactic and angiogenic factor that mediates the repair of various tissues. As macrophages are important contributors to ischemic kidney injury, we examine the role of SDF-1 in a rodent model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Male wild-type (WT) (C57BL/6) mice were subjected to bilateral I/R injury or sham operation in the pr...

Dopaminergic neurons in culture are preferentially resistant to the toxicity of glutathione (GSH) depletion. This effect may be due to high intrinsic levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)). Here we studied the effects of manipulating GSH and/or BH(4) levels on selective neurotoxicity in organotypic nigrostriatal slice cultures. Following treatments with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, 10-100 micr...

Increased macrophage infiltration in tissues including white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle has been recognized as a pro-inflammatory factor that impairs insulin sensitivity in obesity. However, the relationship between tissue macrophages and energy metabolism under non-obese physiological conditions is not clear. To study a homeostatic role of macrophages in energy homeostasis, we depleted...

In the current study, we examined the effects of depletion of phagocytes on the progression of Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL infection in mice. Strikingly, the depletion of phagocytic cells, including macrophages, with clodronate in the acute phase of infection significantly reduced peripheral parasitemia but increased mortality. Moribund mice displayed severe pathological damage, including coagulati...

objective(s) this investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of diabetes on the structure and function of testicular tissue. materials and methods diabetes was induced in male adult rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. body and testicular weight, hormonal analyses, histological and ultrastructural analyses were measured. results the body and testicular weights ...

in this investigation, diabetes was induced in adult male sprague-dawley rats by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (stz) at 45 mg kg-1 of body weight. a group comprised of 8 diabetic rats was treated with metformin at 100 mg kg-1 of body weight for reducing the elevated blood glucose level. the results revealed that, in the untreated diabetic rats, the body and testicular weigh...

It is difficult to investigate the mechanisms that mediate long-term changes in synapse function because synapses are small and deeply embedded inside brain tissue. Although recent fluorescence nanoscopy techniques afford improved resolution, they have so far been restricted to dissociated cells or tissue surfaces. However, to study synapses under realistic conditions, one must image several ce...