Inferior thyroid artery is one of the main arteries supplying thyroid gland and laryngeal muscles. It also supplies pharynx, esophagus, trachea and thymus. It emerges from the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery at the level of C6 vertebra. Then, it rapidly curves inferomedially, crossing the bundle of common carotid artery, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve. Further, it continues ...

Objective: To investigate the morphological structure and variation of thyroid gland in fetuses. Formalin fixed 40 aborted fetuses from 16weeks -36 weeks of gestational age were dissected to study the morphology of fetal thyroid glands. Crown -Rump length, and weight of the fetus along with fetal thyroid morphological and morphometric parameters were recorded. We observed the broader right lobe...

The variations in the pattern of distribution of superior thyroid artery assume paramount importance for neck surgeons, in view of its vital topographical relationship to the external laryngeal nerve. In this study, we report an unusual variation in the arterial supply of the thyroid gland, which was detected during a routine dissection of an adult male cadaver. The right superior thyroid arter...

CONTEXT Lingual thyroid gland is a rare clinical entity that is caused by the failure of the thyroid gland to descend to a normal cervical location during embryogenesis. The occurrence of an ectopic thyroid gland located at the base of the tongue may cause problems for the patient, with symptoms of dysphagia, dysphonia, upper airway obstruction or even hemorrhage at any time from infancy throug...

It has been reported that the decrease in weight of the submaxillary gland and the atrophy of the serous tubules were observed in thyroidectomized rat and these changes were recovered with the administration of thyroxine (Leblond et al., 1948), the administration of thiourea caused the atrophy of the tubular part of the submaxillary gland in rat and this response was probably due to the diminut...

OBJECTIVE Patients with thyroid cancer may require detailed anatomic imaging before 131I therapy. Imaging by contrast-enhanced CT is contraindicated because it may result in saturation of tissues with iodine, decreasing the avidity of thyroid or thyroid cancer cells to subsequent radioiodine for extended intervals. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI offers an alternative to CT for detailed anatomic imagin...

Renal tumor metastasis from thyroid follicular carcinoma is very rare. Here, we present a 64-year-old woman with metastatic thyroid follicular carcinoma presenting as a primary renal tumor. The renal tumor was removed and revealed the origin of thyroid follicular carcinoma. Six months after the treatment of renal tumor, the patient was readmitted for the enlarged thyroid gland. The follicular c...

The external laryngeal nerve runs parallel to superior thyroid artery and later crossing the artery either above or below the upper pole of the thyroid gland. This relatively high anatomic variability demonstrates interpopulation differences. However, datum among the Kenyan population is lacking. Knowledge of normal and variant anatomy of these structures is important in surgical procedures wit...

of the thyroid gland, a reasonable choice of therapy would be to try to correct the alteration in the immune system that initiated the disease. However, this therapeutic approach has yet to be perfected. Therefore, the alternative course of treatment of Graves’ disease is to control the excessive production and release of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), from the ...