In this paper I argue that singularist approaches to solving the Pessimistic Induction, such as Structural Realism, are unacceptable, but that when a pluralist account of methodological principles is adopted this anti-realist argument can be dissolved. The proposed view is a contextual methodological pluralism in the tradition of Normative Naturalism, and is justified by appeal to meta-methodol...

Moderate training of an endurance nature, but also other exercise activities, not only has a preventive effect on various illnesses and pre-illness states such as the metabolic syndrome and cancer, but is also effective in treating patients in the rehabilitation phase after illness, e.g. cardiovascular or cancer. Our investigation demonstrates that even low level physical activity has a very go...

Neuroethics deals with the normative implications of advances and new technology of neuroscience. Some scholars argue that experiments on moral judgment might allow solutions to moral problems in the future or already nowadays. We discuss this research under the label of moral physiology to delineate this theoretical question from the normative implications of applied neurotechnology. After sum...

the ninth constitution of afghanistan (1382 /2003) was ratified according to the bone agreement and with a democratic orientation. this paper compares the principles of this constitution with principles of two models of liberal democracy. for this purpose, five indexes have been used for our analysis: the view on man, the notion of right, political system, democracy, and the process for the act...

Increasing demand for more specialized courses and programs increases the need for universities to differentiate their educational offer and portfolio. Increasing the course portfolio combined with small student populations and at the same time ensuring high quality is a difficult challenge for most universities given their budget limitation and the access they have to educators in the speciali...