Mammalian development is a sophisticated program coordinated by a complex set of genetic and physiological factors. Alterations in anatomy or morphology provide intrinsic measures of progress in or deviations from this program. Emerging three-dimensional imaging methods now allow for more sophisticated morphological assessment than ever before, enabling comprehensive phenotyping, visualization ...

The principle of wavelength-scanning digital interference holography is applied to three-dimensional imaging of a small biological specimen. The images are reconstructed from a number of holograms digitally recorded while the wavelengths are varied at regular intervals, and the numerical interference of the multiple three-dimensional hologram fields results in tomographic images with narrow axi...

introduction: three-dimensional (3d) scanners are widely used in medicine. one of the applications of 3d scanners is the acquisition of anthropometric dimensions for ergonomics and the creation of an anthropometry data bank. the aim of this study was to evaluate the precision and accuracy of a modified 3d scanner fabricated in this study. methods: in this work, a 3d scan of the human body was o...

Abstract A continuum theory of pantographic lattices, based on second-grade elasticity, is presented. The proposed model able to describe the mechanical behavior a type material structure made up multiple layers sheets connected with third family fibers. Thus, these materials are characterized by an orthogonal pattern fibers that can bend, stretch and twist. Numerical experiments illustrate pre...

We introduce a domain decomposition structure-preserving method based on hybrid mimetic spectral element for three-dimensional linear elasticity problems in curvilinear conforming structured meshes. The is an equilibrium which satisfies pointwise of forces. established through hybridization first allows inter-element normal stress discontinuity and then enforces the continuity using Lagrange mu...