This paper reviews the 2016 CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans. I argue that these new guidelines constitute a significant improvement over the guidelines they replace. However, the procedures put in place by CIOMS resulted in an authoring group consisting of a majority of authors and advisors hailing from the global North, while the guidelines s...

In a New York Times op-ed earlier this year (April 9, 2003), Steve Clemons of the New America Foundation has proposed that Iraq establish an Alaska-style oil fund that would pay annual dividends to the citizens of Iraq.ii In Alaska, revenues from oil leases have been invested in a permanent fund, which has grown to $23.5 billion in 2002; part of the fund’s income is now distributed directly to ...

It has been debated whether the Global Fund (GF), which is supporting the implementation of programs on the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, should consider the value-for-money (VFM) for programs/interventions that they are supporting. In this paper, we critically analyze the uses of economic information for GF programs, not only to ensure accountability to the...

This study measured the effect of participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) after the birth of a child on one important health behavior: the initiation and persistence of breastfeeding. In the United States, many low-income mothers do not initiate breastfeeding at all and very few breastfeed for at least 4 months, although most pediatricians reco...

iranian women's economic participation rate is similar to undeveloped countries, while their educational achievements can be compared with developed countries. the aim of this article is to discuss some of the factors related to the situation. according to the policies of third development plan, the rate of employment in government sector should decline and the opportunities for new employ...

In today's world, genomics and public health advancements are dependent upon international collaboration. Scientists collaborating at an international level carry a significant share of genomics research. Moreover, funding agencies and private funders routinely fund international projects. The World Health Organization, UNESCO, and other international institutions are key actors in the developm...