Optimal control problems in batch distillation involve finding a trajectory for the reflux ratio so as to maximize a performance index. Then the controller is asked to follow this trajectory in an open loop fashion. It is important to minimize the effect of uncertainties in thermodynamic models on the optimal control profiles to achieve a better operating performance. The non-linear parameter e...

The purpose of this work is to predict elastic and thermodynamic properties of Cr-based alloys based on first-principles calculations and to demonstrate an appropriate computational approach to develop new materials for high-temperature applications in energy systems. In this study, we choose Poisson’s ratio as screening parameter for identifying ductilizing additives to the refractory alloys. ...

We work out the thermodynamic equations for the decays and scatterings of heavy Majorana neutrinos including the constraints from unitarity. The Boltzmann equations depend on the CP asymmetry parameter which contains both, a self-energy and a vertex correction. At thermal equilibrium there is no net lepton asymmetry due to the CPT theorem and the unitarity constraint. We show explicitly that de...

While studying the first principle of thermodynamics under relativistic conditions, nobody in the 20th century took into consideration a surface tension; meanwhile this thermodynamic parameter is as important as the pressure p. Both Planck with his disciple and Einstein wrote down the first principle of thermodynamics under relativistic conditions neglecting the surface tension as well. Besides...

The role of quenched disorder on the magnetic phase transition of ferromagnetic manganites is investigated through the field and pressure dependence of magnetization around TC. Our results demonstrate that moderatesmall chemical disorder promotes second-order behavior. This can be rationalized on the basis of a simple thermodynamic model in which the magnetic order parameter is coupled to the l...

We analyse the effects of thermal conduction in a relativistic fluid, just after its departure from hydrostatic equilibrium, on a time scale of the order of thermal relaxation time. It is obtained that the resulting evolution will critically depend on a parameter defined in terms of thermodynamic variables, which is constrained by causality requirements ∗On leave from Departamento de F́ısica, Fa...

2014 A probability distribution has been proposed recently by one of us as an order parameter for spin glasses. We show that this probability depends on the particular realization of the couplings even in the thermodynamic limit, and we study its distribution. We also show that the space of states has an ultrametric topology. J. Physique 45 (1984) 843-854 MAI 1984, Classification Physics Abstra...

The suppression of order parameter fluctuations at the boundaries causes the ultrasonic attenuation near the superfluid transition to be lowered below the bulk value . We calculate explicitly the first deviation from the bulk value for temperatures above the lambda point . This deviation is significantly larger than for static quantities like the thermodynamic specific heat or other transport p...

We study the statistics of the work done, fluctuation relations, and irreversible entropy production in a quantum many-body system subject to the sudden quench of a control parameter. By treating the quench as a thermodynamic transformation we show that the emergence of irreversibility in the nonequilibrium dynamics of closed many-body quantum systems can be accurately characterized. We demonst...

We formulate the thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz (TBA) equations for the closed (periodic boundary conditions) A (2) 2 quantum spin chain in an external magnetic field, in the (noncritical) regime where the anisotropy parameter η is real. In the limit η → 0, we recover the TBA equations of the antiferromagnetic su(3)-invariant chain in the fundamental representation. We solve these equations for low...