نتایج جستجو برای: thermal climate
تعداد نتایج: 381356 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Temperature provides a powerful theme for exploring environmental adaptation at all levels of biological organization, from molecular kinetics to organismal fitness to global biogeography. First, the thermodynamic properties that underlie biochemical kinetics and protein stability determine the overall thermal sensitivity of rate processes. Consequently, a single quantitative framework can asse...
To project potential habitat changes of 57 fish species under global warming, their suitable thermal habitat at 764 stream gaging stations in the contiguous United States was studied. Global warming was specified by air temperature increases projected by the Canadian Centre of Climate Modelling General Circulation Model for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. The aquatic thermal regime at each gagin...
We describe sharp thermal limits to the ocean distribution of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) which restrict the distribution of steelhead to only a small fraction of the area of the North Pacific otherwise available for grazing. Maximum likelihood estimates indicate that (1) steelhead exhibit a strong response to temperature in all regions of the North Pacific ocean and in all seasons of...
Anthropogenic climate change is causing a wide range of stresses in aquatic ecosystems, primarily through warming thermal conditions. Lakes, in response to these changes, are experiencing increases in both summer temperatures and ice-free days. We used continuous records of lake surface temperature and air temperature to create statistical models of daily mean lake surface temperature to assess...
Lake surface water temperatures are warming worldwide, raising concerns about the future integrity of valuable lake ecosystem services. In contrast to surface water temperatures, we know far less about what is happening to water temperature beneath the surface, where most organisms live. Moreover, we know little about which characteristics make lakes more or less sensitive to climate change and...
Physiological plasticity may facilitate invasion of novel habitats; but is such plasticity present in all populations of the invader or is it elicited only by specific climatic challenges? In cold-climate areas of Australia, invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina) can rapidly acclimate to cool conditions. To investigate whether this physiological plasticity is found in all invasive cane toads or ...
Recent scientifi c studies confi rm that human-induced climate change is leading to increases in atmospheric and ocean temperatures. Studies conducted in 2005 also note that there will be a delay in climate impacts as a result of thermal inertia. Therefore, even if our society were to halt greenhouse gas emissions today, we have already committed to substantial warming and sea-level rise in fut...
Increasing the population of cities and the growth and development of urban planning on the one hand and climate change on the other hand has affected the thermal balance of cities and has created thermal islands, so attention to the impact of design on the thermal comfort of urban spaces has become important. The study of the thermal performance of yards as common spaces between urban scale an...
To elucidate the mechanisms of thermal adaptation and acclimation in ectothermic aquatic organisms from differing climates, we used a common-garden experiment for thermal stress to investigate the heat shock response of redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) from desert and montane populations. Evidence for adaptation was observed as expression of heat shock genes in fish from the desert...
There is currently unprecedented interest in quantifying variation in thermal physiology among organisms, especially in order to understand and predict the biological impacts of climate change. A key parameter in this quantification of thermal physiology is the performance or value of a rate, across individuals or species, at a common temperature (temperature normalisation). An increasingly pop...
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